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Direct linkRebecca Treiman; Jacqueline Hulslander; Erik G. Willcutt; Bruce F. Pennington; Richard K. Olson – Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 2025
The goal of the present study was to test theories about the extent to which individual differences in word reading align with those in spelling and the extent to which other cognitive and linguistic skills play different roles in word reading and spelling. Using data from 1,116 children ranging from 8 to 17 years, we modeled word reading and…
Descriptors: Reading Ability, Spelling, Individual Differences, Children
Yang, Tian-Xiao; Zhang, Shi-Yu; Wang, Ya; Su, Xiao-Min; Yuan, Chen-Wei; Lui, Simon S. Y.; Chan, Raymond C. K. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2023
Prospective memory (PM) refers to the ability to remember and complete planned tasks in the future, which relies on working memory (WM) for encoding and maintaining the intention. Implementation intention is a useful strategy for improving PM function in adults. Yet the effect of implementation intentions in children, and whether factors such as…
Descriptors: Memory, Children, Intention, Age Differences
Ahmed, Sammy F.; Ellis, Alexa; Ward, Kaitlin P.; Chaku, Natasha; Davis-Kean, Pamela E. – Developmental Psychology, 2022
We leveraged nationally representative data from the Panel study of Income Dynamics-Child Development Supplement (N = 3,562) and the Early Childhood Longitudinal study (N = 18,174), to chart the development of working memory, indexed via verbal forward and backward digit span task performance, from 3 to 19 years of age. Results revealed nonlinear…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Longitudinal Studies, Children, Adolescents
Ann Folker; Christina Bertrand; Yelim Hong; Laurence Steinberg; Natasha Duell; Lei Chang; Laura Di Giunta; Kenneth A. Dodge; Sevtap Gurdal; Daranee Junla; Jennifer E. Lansford; Paul Oburu; Concetta Pastorelli; Ann T. Skinner; Emma Sorbring; Marc H. Bornstein; Liliana Maria Uribe Tirado; Saengduean Yotanyamaneewong; Liane Peña Alampay; Suha M. Al-Hassan; Dario Bacchini; Kirby Deater-Deckard – Developmental Science, 2025
Executive functioning (EF) is an important developing self-regulatory process that has implications for academic, social, and emotional outcomes. Most work in EF has focused on childhood, and less has examined the development of EF throughout adolescence and into emerging adulthood. The present study assessed longitudinal trajectories of EF from…
Descriptors: Executive Function, Adolescents, Young Adults, Age Differences
Caviola, Sara; Toffalini, Enrico; Giofrè, David; Ruiz, Jessica Mercader; Szucs, Dénes; Mammarella, Irene C. – Educational Psychology Review, 2022
The relationship between anxiety and mathematics has often been investigated in the literature. Different forms of anxiety have been evaluated, with math anxiety (MA) and test anxiety (TA) consistently being associated with various aspects of mathematics. In this meta-analysis, we have evaluated the impact of these forms of anxiety, distinguishing…
Descriptors: Mathematics Anxiety, Test Anxiety, Mathematics Achievement, Age Differences
Forsberg, Alicia; Guitard, Dominic; Adams, Eryn J.; Pattanakul, Duangporn; Cowan, Nelson – Developmental Science, 2022
We explored the causal role of individual and age-related differences in working memory (WM) capacity in long-term memory (LTM) retrieval. Our sample of 160 participants included 120 children (6-13-years old) and 40 young adults (18-24 years). Participants performed a WM task with images of unique everyday items, presented at varying set sizes.…
Descriptors: Long Term Memory, Short Term Memory, Individual Differences, Age Differences
Rana Zeynali Hamied; Sima Modirkhamene – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2025
Learning a language is one typical and common cognitive phenomenon among human beings. What matters even most, is the additional language learning and advantages it may confer; an issue which cannot be simply overlooked in cognitive studies. The developmental effect of learning an additional language on memory is something that is confirmed in…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction, Short Term Memory
Download full textTessa L. Johnson; Alexander P. Burgoyne; Kelly S. Mix; Christopher J. Young; Susan C. Levine – Grantee Submission, 2022
Performance on a range of spatial and mathematics tasks was measured in a sample of 1592 students in kindergarten, third grade, and sixth grade. In a previously published analysis of these data, performance was analyzed by grade only. In the present analyses, we examined whether the relations between spatial skill and mathematics skill differed…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Mathematics Skills, Age Differences, Socioeconomic Status
Sam Ihlenfeldt; Gregory K. W. K. Chung; Susan Lyons; Jordan Lawson; Elizabeth J. K. H. Redman – National Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing (CRESST), 2025
In this evaluation study, we investigated the extent to which Solitaired.com's online game, Solitaire, could be used to model players' performance on several validated cognitive tests commonly associated with mental acuity (i.e., memory and processing speed). Prior research found that Solitaire gameplay is affected by mild cognitive impairment and…
Descriptors: Computer Games, Cognitive Tests, Cognitive Processes, Reaction Time
Zupan, Zorana; Blagrove, Elisabeth L.; Watson, Derrick G. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
By approximately 6 years of age, children can use time-based visual selection to ignore stationary stimuli, already in the visual field and prioritize the selection of newly arriving stimuli. This ability can be studied using preview search, a version of the visual search paradigm with an added temporal component, in which one set of distractors…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Visual Stimuli, Comparative Analysis, Adults
Esplin, Jacob A.; Berghout Austin, Ann M.; Blevins-Knabe, Belinda; Neilson, Brionne G.; Corwyn, Robert F. – Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 2021
This longitudinal study examined the relationship between executive function (EF) and mathematics with rural and urban preschool children. A panel of direct and indirect EF measures were used to compare how well individual measures, as well as analytic approaches, predicted both numeracy and geometry skill. One hundred eighteen children, ages 39…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Rural Urban Differences, Executive Function, Mathematics Skills
Kim, Hyun-Woong; Lee, Kyung Myun; Lee, Yune Sang – Developmental Science, 2023
We studied the role of sensorimotor and working memory systems in supporting development of perceptual rhythm processing with 119 participants aged 7-12 years. Children were assessed for their abilities in sensorimotor synchronization (SMS; beat tapping), auditory working memory (AWM; digit span), and rhythm discrimination (RD; same/different…
Descriptors: Psychomotor Skills, Short Term Memory, Perceptual Development, Decision Making
Christoph Bamberg; Sarah Weigelt; Klara Hagelweide – npj Science of Learning, 2025
Learning behavioural responses and adapting them based on feedback is crucial from a young age, continuing to develop into young adulthood. This study examines the development trajectory and contributing factors from childhood to adulthood using a reversal learning paradigm. We tested 202 participants aged 10 to 22 in an online study, where they…
Descriptors: Early Adolescents, Individual Development, Learning, Age Differences
A. Delcenserie; F. Genesee; F. Champoux – Developmental Science, 2024
Recent evidence suggests that deaf children with CIs exposed to nonnative sign language from hearing parents can attain age-appropriate vocabularies in both sign and spoken language. It remains to be explored whether deaf children with CIs who are exposed to early nonnative sign language, but only up to implantation, also benefit from this input…
Descriptors: Sign Language, Linguistic Input, Phonology, Nonverbal Communication
McLaughlin, Drew J.; Braver, Todd S.; Peelle, Jonathan E. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2021
Purpose: Objective measures of listening effort have been gaining prominence, as they provide metrics to quantify the difficulty of understanding speech under a variety of circumstances. A key challenge has been to develop paradigms that enable the complementary measurement of subjective listening effort in a quantitatively precise manner. In this…
Descriptors: Listening, Age Differences, Individual Differences, Decision Making
