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Volkmer, Sindram; Wetzel, Nicole; Widmann, Andreas; Scharf, Florian – Developmental Science, 2022
The ability to shield against distraction while focusing on a task requires the operation of executive functions and is essential for successful learning. We investigated the short-term dynamics of distraction control in a data set of 269 children aged 4-10 years and 51 adults pooled from three studies using multilevel models. Participants…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Attention, Children, Adults
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Long, Bria; Wang, Ying; Christie, Stella; Frank, Michael C.; Fan, Judith E. – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Children's drawings of common object categories become dramatically more recognizable across childhood. What are the major factors that drive developmental changes in children's drawings? To what degree are children's drawings a product of their changing internal category representations versus limited by their visuomotor abilities or their…
Descriptors: Cross Cultural Studies, Freehand Drawing, Psychomotor Skills, Foreign Countries
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Martínez, Mauricio; Español, Silvia; Igoa, José-Manuel – Journal for the Study of Education and Development, 2022
Since birth, infants develop the ability to perceive a wide range of intersensory relations among various kinds of amodal temporal information. This study addresses the development of the ability to perceive duration-based intersensory relations. Three groups of infants, four, seven and 10 months old, participated in two trials of an intersensory…
Descriptors: Sensory Integration, Infants, Infant Behavior, Task Analysis
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Prasanna, Aparna; Anakkathil Anil, Malavika; Bajaj, Gagan; Bhat, Jayashree S. – Cogent Education, 2022
Little is explored regarding the modality-specific differences in recall abilities of preschool children. Understanding modality-specific differences in the recall at an early age might give an insight into age-linked trends, which can lay a foundation for later development. The current study used a cross-sectional design to investigate the…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Recall (Psychology), Task Analysis, Attention Control
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Richardson, Kelly C.; Sussman, Joan E. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2019
Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to examine sensory and auditory memory limitations on intensity resolution in individuals with Parkinson's disease as compared to healthy older and younger adults. Method: Nineteen individuals with Parkinson's disease, 10 healthy age- and hearing-matched adults, and 10 healthy young adults were…
Descriptors: Diseases, Neurological Impairments, Acoustics, Task Analysis
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Zekveld, Adriana A.; van Scheepen, J. A. M.; Versfeld, Niek J.; Kramer, Sophia E.; van Steenbergen, Henk – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2020
Purpose: The pupil dilation response is sensitive not only to auditory task demand but also to cognitive conflict. Conflict is induced by incompatible trials in auditory Stroop tasks in which participants have to identify the presentation location (left or right ear) of the words "left" or "right." Previous studies demonstrated…
Descriptors: Hearing Impairments, Eye Movements, Auditory Stimuli, Task Analysis
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Wetzel, Nicole; Scharf, Florian; Widmann, Andreas – Child Development, 2019
Attention control abilities are relevant for learning success. Little is known about the development of audio-visual attention in early childhood. Four groups of children between the ages of 4 and 10 years and adults performed an audio-visual distraction paradigm (N = 106). Multilevel analyses revealed increased reaction times in a visual…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Auditory Stimuli, Visual Stimuli, Task Analysis
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Weatherhead, Drew; White, Katherine S. – Developmental Psychology, 2021
Within a language, there is considerable variation in the pronunciations of words owing to social factors like age, gender, nationality, and race. In the present study, we investigate whether toddlers link social and linguistic variation during word learning. In Experiment 1, 24- to 26-month-old toddlers were exposed to two talkers whose front…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Language Variation, Vowels, Pronunciation
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Koenig, Ashley; Arunachalam, Sudha; Saudino, Kimberly J. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2020
Children's lexical processing speed at 18 to 25 months of age has been linked to concurrent and later language abilities. In the current study, we extend this finding to children aged 36 months. Children (N = 126) participated in a lexical processing task in which they viewed two static images on noun trials (e.g., an ear of corn and a hat), or…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Nouns, Verbs, School Readiness
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Diaz, Michele T.; Yalcinbas, Ege – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2021
Although hearing often declines with age, prior research has shown that older adults may benefit from multisensory input to a greater extent when compared to younger adults, a concept known as inverse effectiveness. While there is behavioral evidence in support of this phenomenon, less is known about its neural basis. The present functional MRI…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Older Adults, Sensory Integration, Diagnostic Tests
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Desjardins, Jamie L.; Bangert, Ashley; Gomez, Ninive – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2020
Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to examine inhibition of irrelevant information in younger and older English monolingual and Spanish--English bilingual adults. Method: Sixty-one participants divided into four groups: 15 younger English monolinguals, 16 younger Spanish-English bilinguals, 15 older English monolinguals, and 15 older…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Age Differences, Spanish, English (Second Language)
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Tang, Ping; Yuen, Ivan; Demuth, Katherine; Rattanasone, Nan Xu – Developmental Psychology, 2023
Contrastive focus, conveyed by prosodic cues, marks important information. Studies have shown that 6-year-olds learning English and Japanese can use contrastive focus during online sentence comprehension: focus used in a "contrastive context" facilitates the identification of a target referent (speeding up processing), whereas focus used…
Descriptors: Mandarin Chinese, Suprasegmentals, Intonation, Prediction
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Oster, Monika-Maria; Werner, Lynne A. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2017
Purpose: Several investigators have compared infants' detection of speech in speech and nonspeech maskers to evaluate developmental differences in masking. Such comparisons have produced contradictory results, possibly because each investigation used different stimuli. The current study examined target and masker effects on infants' and adults'…
Descriptors: Infants, Speech Communication, Comparative Analysis, Auditory Perception
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Bolibaugh, Cylcia; Foster, Pauline – Language Learning, 2021
We investigated the potential influence of implicit learning mechanisms on L2 morphosyntactic attainment by examining the relationship between age of onset (AoO), two cognitive abilities hypothesized to underlie implicit learning (phonological short-term memory and implicit statistical learning), and performance on an auditory grammaticality…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Phonology, Morphology (Languages), Syntax
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Raviv, Limor; Arnon, Inbal – Developmental Science, 2018
Infants, children and adults are capable of extracting recurring patterns from their environment through statistical learning (SL), an implicit learning mechanism that is considered to have an important role in language acquisition. Research over the past 20 years has shown that SL is present from very early infancy and found in a variety of tasks…
Descriptors: Child Development, Age Differences, Learning Processes, Children
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