The purpose of this study was to explore the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Child Routines Questionnaire: Preschool (CRQ:P), a parent-report measure developed to assess daily routines specific to preschool-age children. Participants included 208 parents of preschool children (M[subscript age] = 3.97 years old; SD = 0.95;…

Teachers' perspectives of play differ widely because of social and cultural influences that can be seen in their values and beliefs about play in different countries. In a global community, sharing educators' knowledge of play and their perspectives of how to educate children through the use of play would be appropriate and complementary in…

Two experiments examined the development of extended identity in children between 5 and 11 years. Findings indicated that only older children judged that they would be evaluated negatively through their association with a wrongdoer and that they would feel embarrassment. Responsibility for a younger child's actions was associated with an earlier…

Examined relationship of maternal control and sex differences in children taking responsibility for failure and possessing strong standards. Found that, in using control, mothers were more likely to grant autonomy to boys than to girls. This socialization pattern partially mediated girls' tendency to take greater responsibility for failure than…

Naturalistic observations were made of "remedial interchanges" that occurred among kindergarten through fourth-grade children in open classrooms. Three approaches to development of moral judgments were considered: attributional, cognitive developmental, and symbolic interactionist. Data showed limited to no support for these theories and…

A study involving 145 undergraduates investigated the effects of victim age, victim gender, and observer gender on the attribution of responsibility for extrafamilial child sexual abuse. Greater responsibility was assigned to older rather than younger victims, and male observers attributed greater responsibility and causality to the victim and the…

Three principles of work distribution were considered: (1) direct cause; (2) self-regulation; and (3) continuing responsibility. Children of 8, 11, and 14 years of age performed a job sorting task and commented on the fairness of work arrangements in vignettes. Results showed a differential development for the three principles rather than a…

The purpose of this study was to investigate a possible link between differences in parents' reactions to conflict involving their children and their children's older peers or siblings, and differences in their children's self-monitoring level. It was hypothesized that children who were high in self-monitoring would come from environments in which…

Provides an overview of ethical issues related to social research with children. Sets discussion in context of current debates in Britain and explores extent to which children should be regarded as similar to or different from adults, particularly children's supposed position as vulnerable, incompetent, and relatively powerless in society. Offers…

The family is the primary source of supportive services to the aged in this country. A study was undertaken to examine two issues related to developmental functions of relationships with adult children: the parent's view of assistance received from adult children, and age differences in those views; and, secondly, the functions of assistance…

The study investigates everyday parental practices involved in the transmission of cultural values and extends current literature on parenting in Chinese families. Children aged 6, 8, and 10 years from 240 Beijing families, and both their parents, were asked about ways in which expectations of child responsibility are transmitted through routine…

Examined changes in sense of family obligation (FO) among an ethnically diverse group of 745 Americans in transition from secondary school into young adulthood. Found that FO increased for all young adults, with slight variations according to ethnic and financial backgrounds. Implications of FO for employment and educational persistence depended…

Examined attitudes toward family obligations in American tenth and twelfth graders from Filipino, Chinese, Mexican, Central and South American, and European backgrounds. Found that even within a society emphasizing adolescent autonomy and independence, youths from families with collectivistic traditions retain their parents' familial values and…

This study of moral judgment among young Italian school children reports differences between individual and group judgments. Laboratory and projective techniques were devised to study judgments, perceptions of fairness, motivations and suggestions for restoring equity among a sample of children between 5 and 9 years of age. Subjects were 12 middle…

Bright second grade students (mean IQ 120) who were randomly placed in either interage or traditional classes were given sentence completion tests and a uses test in an effort to assess the subjects' attitudes toward school, sense of responsibility, self concept, and creative thinking ability. The California Achievement Test was given in October…