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Noncontingent Reinforcement: A Further Examination of Schedule Effects during Treatment
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Wallace, Michelle D.; Iwata, Brian A.; Hanley, Gregory P.; Thompson, Rachel H.; Roscoe, Eileen M. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2012
We conducted 2 studies to determine whether dense and thin NCR schedules exert different influences over behavior and whether these influences change as dense schedules are thinned. In Study 1, we observed that thin as well as dense NCR schedules effectively decreased problem behavior exhibited by 3 individuals. In Study 2, we compared the effects…
Descriptors: Positive Reinforcement, Behavior Problems, Comparative Analysis, Functional Behavioral Assessment
Functions of Maladaptive Behavior in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Behavior Categories and Topographies
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Rojahn, Johannes; Zaja, Rebecca H.; Turygin, Nicole; Moore, Linda; van Ingen, Daniel J. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2012
Research has shown that different maladaptive behavior categories may be maintained by different contingencies. We examined whether behavior categories or behavior topographies determine functional properties. The "Questions about Behavioral Function" with its five subscales ("Attention", "Escape", "Nonsocial", "Physical", and "Tangible") was…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Adjustment (to Environment), Mental Retardation, Developmental Disabilities
Classroom Application of a Trial-Based Functional Analysis
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Bloom, Sarah E.; Iwata, Brian A.; Fritz, Jennifer N.; Roscoe, Eileen M.; Carreau, Abbey B. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
We evaluated a trial-based approach to conducting functional analyses in classroom settings. Ten students referred for problem behavior were exposed to a series of assessment trials, which were interspersed among classroom activities throughout the day. Results of these trial-based functional analyses were compared to those of more traditional…
Descriptors: Class Activities, Learning Activities, Self Destructive Behavior, Behavior Modification
Abolishing and Establishing Operation Analyses of Social Attention as Positive Reinforcement for Problem Behavior
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McGinnis, Molly A.; Houchins-Juarez, Nealetta; McDaniel, Jill L.; Kennedy, Craig H. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2010
Three participants whose problem behavior was maintained by contingent attention were exposed to 45-min presessions in which attention was withheld, provided on a fixed-time (FT) 15-s schedule, or provided on an FT 120-s schedule. Following each presession, participants were then tested in a 15-min session similar to the social attention condition…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Positive Reinforcement, Behavior Problems, Attention
A Descriptive, Multiyear Examination of Positive Behavior Support
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Dunlap, Glen; Carr, Edward G.; Horner, Robert H.; Koegel, Robert L.; Sailor, Wayne; Clarke, Shelley; Koegel, Lynn Kern; Albin, Richard W.; Vaughn, Bobbie J.; McLaughlin, Darlene Magito; James, Kim Mullen; Todd, Anne W.; Newton, J. Stephen; Lucyshyn, Joseph; Griggs, Peter; Bohanon, Hank; Choi, Jeong Hoon; Vismara, Laurie; Minjarez, Mendy Boettcher; Buschbacher, Pamelazita; Fox, Lise – Behavioral Disorders, 2010
A major goal of positive behavior support (PBS) is to produce broad-based, long-term improvements in adaptive behavior; however, the empirical base, at present, is mainly composed of relatively short-term studies carried out in circumscribed contexts. Therefore, a need exists for reliable data that can inform the field regarding the comprehensive…
Descriptors: Intervention, Quality of Life, Behavior Modification, Rating Scales