A review is presented of the role of algorithms in learning and instruction. The paper first describes an algorithm as a procedure guaranteed to produce a correct result and lists its features as: 1) having a reasonably finite number of unambiguously defined operations; 2) having zero or more inputs from a specified domain; 3) having outputs with…

The problem of structuring sequences of instructional stimuli such that learning is optimized is modelled as a sequential decision problem with an imbedded mathematical model of learning providing a criterion function. Three types of optimization methods for such a representation are investigated for the specific case of paired-associate learning…

A relational data system (RDS) is one that has the capability not only to retrieve specific facts but also the ability to deduce facts that are implicit rather than explicit in the data base. The study investigated the application of RDS technology to intelligence data processing. RDS technology and the nature of intelligence data processing are…

A general method for estimating the unknown coefficients in a set of linear structural equations is described. In its most general form the method allows for both errors in equations (residuals, disturbances) and errors in variables (errors of measurement, observational errors) and yields estimates of the residual variance-covariance matrix and…

This document is an English-language abstract (approximately 1,500 words) of a book dealing with certain problems of modern teaching techniques, general ones on the one hand, and algorithms on the other, viewed from the point of mathematical logic, information theory, psychology and didactics. The concept of teaching is based on a number of…

Describes algorithms and shows how they can be applied to the design of instructional systems by relating them to a standard information processing model. Two studies are briefly described which tested serial and parallel processing in learning and offered guidelines for designers. Future research needs are also discussed. (LRW)

Differentiates between problems, exercises and algorithms. Discusses the role of algorithms in solving problems and exercises in chemistry. Suggests that very real differences exist between solving problems and exercises, and that problem solving steps can be and should be taught in chemistry education. (TW)

The article considers the problem of how to plot on the computer screen a circle with center (A,B) and radius R. Several different procedures are discussed and compared. (PK)

Argues that the type of calculator that is used in mathematics instruction is very important. Suggests that four-function calculators fail to give correct values of mathematical expressions far more often than do scientific calculators. (PK)

Describes a model for training instructional designers who will work as members of videodisc development teams. This model develops and integrates competencies relating to instructional design, project management, interpersonal skills, storyboarding and flowcharting, programming, video production, and interactive video system knowledge. Three…

Examines the hypothesis that there are preliminary stages in problem solving that are often neglected in teaching chemistry. Discusses correlations calculated between the student's ability to handle disembedding and cognitive restructuring tasks in the spatial domain and ability to solve chemistry problems. (TW)

Describes the nature and use of computer algebra and its applications to various physical sciences. Includes diagrams illustrating, among others, a computer algebra system and flow chart of operation of the Euclidean algorithm. (SK)

Evaluates the validity of using circulation data as the index to the total utilization of a library collection and tests the hypothesis that the proposed mixture of Poisson distributions can describe and predict various use distribution. Seven statistical analysis listings, six algorithms, 20 tables, and 43 references are provided. (Author/RBF)

Describes a study that explores the instructional influence of presenting pictures at the molecular level when introducing chemistry concepts and solving chemistry problems. Explores the effect of the pictures on students' conceptions and problem-solving abilities. Contains 59 references. (DDR)

Argues that the vast majority of adults have no use for the specialized mathematics taught in high schools and required by colleges--algebra, geometry, or calculus. Suggests that colleges should accept applicants who have studied percents, formulas, logic, computer commands, and basic statistics. (TE)