The administrator in a bilingual, bicultural community must act with caution, forebearance, and great understanding, paying intense heed to his community. The term "bilingualism" refers to facility in the use of two languages, ranging from a minimal knowledge of either language to a high level of proficiency in both. "Biculturalism" is a…

In collaboration with native speakers, linguists at Mary College in 1973 established the North Dakota Indian Language Studies Program, which has provided native language instruction in three reservation elementary schools, prepared teaching and learning materials, and trained teachers in native language pedagogy. The program was initiated to…

One in a series on cultural pluralism and multicultural education, this collection of 10 brief articles focuses on bilingual education with much of the material specific to Spanish-English programs. Dennis Wilson discusses Indian self determination and the task of preserving Indian culture while solving contemporary Indian problems. Lorenzo…

Aims, design, curriculum materials, and evaluation results of a bilingual education pilot project which began in 1971 in several Manitoba schools are presented in this handbook. Designed to instruct native children in their own language, the project was begun to combat high failure and dropout rates among native children being taught wholly in…

THE CONFERENCE PAPERS FALL UNDER THREE REPORT HEADINGS--AREAS WHERE RESEARCH IS NEEDED IN BILINGUAL EDUCATION, TEACHING CONTENT IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE, AND BILINGUAL PROGRAMS IN THE SOUTHWEST. WRITERS OF REPORTS ON RESEARCH AREAS SEEM TO AGREE ON THE IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING CONTENT, WHETHER CULTURAL REALITIES OR ACADEMIC SUBJECT MATTER. THE FIRST…

Chapter I of this classroom teacher's guide to bilingual education discusses cross-cultural education and English language learning, with illustrations from Navaho, Alaskan Indian, Zuni, and Mexican-American cultures. It is stressed that teachers must be alert to the differences in languages, values, customs, and the cultural heritage of their…

The essays in this volume cover a range of sociopolitical aspects of Indian language planning (i.e., the politics of dialect, the role of the linguist, and the historical foundations of contemporary language problems), problems faced by the actual experiences of Indian language renewal efforts, and the relationship of Indian language renewal and…

Differences between Cree and North American middle class patterns of interactional etiquette are discussed. Interactional etiquette is defined as the verbal and non-verbal conventions that are involved in communication among individuals, including greeting, leave taking, asking questions, disagreement, and interruption. The Cree communicate more…