The American Psychological Association (APA) was founded July 8, 1892. From the beginning it is clear that practicing psychologists had a strong focus on children. In the first quarter of APA's history most applied psychologists were working with children and youth. A splinter group, the American Association of Clinical Psychologists (AACP) was…

The history of education of the deaf in Canada is traced. Recent trends include: preschool home visiting programs, extension services for hearing-impaired children, vocational programs in existing schools, support programs in junior colleges, separate units for multihandicapped deaf children, and teacher training programs affiliated with a…

To foster the recognition of adult education as a field of study and practice, Syracuse University made a conscious commitment to mold adult education into the very essence of the university. This effort was called mainstreaming. The following changes facilitated adult education in universities: the articulation of elementary, secondary, and…

In order to more fully understand the student services function in the community college, this paper presents a historical overview of the community college movement and the emergence of the student services profession in the United States. A parallel is drawn between the community college mission and the student services profession. The paper…

Before World War II, British schools provided free meals only to poor, malnourished children. Bombing, evacuation, and food rationing transformed public opinion about child welfare efforts and led to cabinet policies expanding school meals and milk services. Particular outcomes in Scotland and special provisions for small schools are discussed.…

The history of education of the deaf in Canada since 1831 is examined in some detail. Specific areas of concern include: alternatives to residential schools, oral schools for the deaf, preschool services to parents; continuing education for the deaf, and teacher training, and a Canadian organization of teachers of the deaf. Three distinctive types…

The evolution and current status of student personnel services in community colleges are examined in this paper. Following introductory remarks concerning the place of student services in the broad mission of community colleges, a historical perspective on student personnel services is provided, covering major influential reports and publications…

Historical trends regarding international educational exchange and factors that have influenced foreign student enrollments in the United States are reviewed and a statistical profile is examined. Since the 1940s the U.S. government has been increasingly active in exchange programs and foreign student activities. Factors influencing foreign…

Discusses the history of school psychology, emphasizing the work of L. Witmer (1897, 1907, 1910, 1922) and G. S. Hall (1911, 1923). Providing psychological services in the schools is among the earliest instances of applied psychology. School psychology was one of many child-saving services originating from 1890 to 1920. (SLD)

Reviews the history of providing noneducational services to children in a school setting from the perspective of past and present reform efforts. Argues that urban school reform should be based on a "children-at-risk" model rather than a "nation-at-risk" model and should incorporate lessons from the past. (SLD)

This bulletin is one in the series on pupil transportation issued by the Office of Education. Its purpose is to furnish information and guidance for local school administrators and others who are concerned with school bus maintenance. Programs of school bus maintenance vary among the 48 States. Presumably all contract vehicles are maintained by…

Public education in the United States is a function of the States. In discharging this responsibility each State has recognized that a considerable degree of local control of education is essential. The establishment of local school districts and the creation of local boards of education to administer school district affairs reflect this point of…

This bulletin presents statistics of state school systems in 1937-38. For the most part statistics presented in this chapter relate to public elementary and secondary schools in 48 States, the District of Columbia, and the outlying parts of the United States. Such data were submitted by States for nonpublic schools are incorporated in separate…