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Download full textDavis, Larry; Norris, John – ETS Research Report Series, 2021
The elicited imitation task (EIT), in which language learners listen to a series of spoken sentences and repeat each one verbatim, is a commonly used measure of language proficiency in second language acquisition research. The "TOEFL® Essentials"™ test includes an EIT as a holistic measure of speaking proficiency, referred to as the…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Language Proficiency, Speech Communication, Language Tests
Edward Paul Getman – Online Submission, 2020
Despite calls for engaging assessments targeting young language learners (YLLs) between 8 and 13 years old, what makes assessment tasks engaging and how such task characteristics affect measurement quality have not been well studied empirically. Furthermore, there has been a dearth of validity research about technology-enhanced speaking tests for…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Language Tests, Second Language Learning, Learner Engagement
Direct linkLin, Huifen; Chen, Tsuiping – System: An International Journal of Educational Technology and Applied Linguistics, 2006
Cognitive load can be defined as the amount of mental effort that performing a specific task imposes on a learner's cognitive system. It can be measured by the number of new concepts embedded in a learning task. English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners, with their limited English proficiency and minimal entry knowledge of a subject matter,…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning
