Describes an aptitude treatment interaction (ATI) hypothesis used to investigate relationships among aptitudes and science instructional treatments in terms of student performance. It is proposed that ATI research work in science education will systematically yield reliable generalizations about how to adapt instruction to individuals with…

Advocates the analysis of student characteristics in determining the outcomes of instruction and the analysis of instruction to determine effects on student characteristics. (CP)

Describes a heuristic model that facilitates the conceptualization of linguistic-imaginal processes and forms the basis for a method of relating learner aptitudes to specific instructional stimuli in science education. (MLH)

Investigates a method to predict best and least suited students for the ISCS instructional approach. Aptitude-treatment interactions associated with ISCS instruction and a set of aptitude, attitude, and skill factors were utilized to make and verify predictions on two dependent variables--achievement and success. (Author/GA)

Examines the individual and cumulative effects on achievement of providing students with objectives, sample test items, and a mastery strategy that included diagnostic testing and remedial instruction. Also investigates the effects of mastery learning on achievement of students with different aptitudes for learning. (Author/GA)

Examines a number of factors that might influence performance in a college laboratory chemistry course. Compares the achievement and time for students doing a simulated or a laboratory experiment. Tries to identify differences in performance for students of different aptitude and possible interaction between types of experiment and student…

Investigates the existence of a differential set of characteristics, so that students can be categorized with respect to achievement and work styles. (GA)

After learners of varying ability levels were provided with different types of remedial assistance, the effects on short-term cognitive achievement, retention, and attitudes toward instruction and subject matter were investigated. (Author/GA)

The study sought to investigate the effects of available science materials, the physical plant, and the patterns of teacher behavior on the behaviors of fifth-grade students. Some significant treatment as well as aptitude-treatment effects were observed. (CP)

Examines the feasibility of intensive instruction (II) in either the observation of details or hypothesis generation, utilizing a discrepant event filmloop, as a model for improving the open exploration skills of ninth graders. (Author/GA)

Reports on the development and validation of a new junior high school version of the Test On Understanding Science (TOUS).

Illustrates advantages of research on practical factors in reasoning. Discusses role of factual knowledge and diagnosis of specific task-based errors in reasoning, influence of individual aptitudes on reasoning, and effect of educational interventions designed to change reasoning. Presents Piagetian position for each position, discusses evidence…