In architecture, the principle of universal design means that buildings, products, and services are designed so that all individuals can use them. For example, a ramp represents a universal design that provides access for a variety of individuals who find stairs to be a barrier--not only people who use wheelchairs, but also people pushing…

Universal Design for Learning (UDL) emerged from the field of architectural design when federal legislation required universal access to buildings and other structures for individuals with disabilities. Architects began to design accessibility into buildings during their initial design stage rather than retrofitting standing structures. Using…