The study described the consistency of articulation productions for frequently misarticulated phonemes among 2 1/2- to 5-year-old children. The Coarticulation Assessment in Meaningful Language was given to 360 children at six age levels. A four-way multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures on the last two factors tested for main…

Five-year-old articulation-disordered children, some classified as substituters and some as syllable reducers, were compared with normal child and adult controls in their production of voicing contrasts. In every comparison the substituters' performances resembled that of the normal controls, as did the syllable reducers' use of voice onset time…

Speech timing of nine phonologically disordered and nine normally developing preschoolers was investigated for the voicing contrasts of word-initial and word-final stop consonants. Results were interpreted to mean that some phonologically disordered children may have less mature speech timing control. (Author/CL)

Manipulation of speed of delivery and linguistic context followed by factor analysis of 11 measures of lingual activity involved in the production of the syllable /ka/ indicated three factors explained 75 percent of the variance: displacement/velocity, duration, and midsyllable duration and distance. (Author/DB)

Results demonstrated no significant differences among three sampling procedures (word test, nonsense test, and story-retell) for type and number of articulation errors in 30 normally developing four-year-olds. Boys made significantly more errors than girls. (Author/CL)

There were significant differences among the groups (articulation disordered five-year-olds) classified as syllable reducers or substituters and normal children on several imitative expressive language measures, with the syllable reducers making both deletion and substitution errors and the substituters making substitution errors for functors.…

This paper argues against definitions of stuttering which imply that all within-word disfluencies are stuttering and no between-word disfluencies are stuttering. The paper calls for a definition of stuttering that is not contradicted by available empirical information or clinical experience and is logically consistent. (JDD)

Analysis of the liquid, fricative, and affricate sounds in the phonological system of a misarticulating four year old found that the child's perception of certain sounds was superior to his productions, whereas for other sounds productive skill was superior to perceptual performance. A two-lexicon model of underlying representation best accounted…

The study examined the frequency of occurrence of velar deviations in spontaneous single-word utterances over a six-month period for 40 children (2 to 3-years-old). Results indicated that velars presented difficulty for less than half of the children. Velar difficulty was associated with position in the word and the vowel environment. (Author/DB)

Results suggested that normally developing children learn to perceive approximant consonant contrasts prior to three years of age. However, some but not all articulation-delayed three-year-old children may still make errors in the perception of approximants. (Author/CL)

Eight articulation disordered kindergarten children and eight normally speaking children were taught an artificial morphophonemic rule. Results revealed essentially no differences in the way the two groups learned the stop class. In contrast, the disordered children incorporated fricatives into the rule more quickly and responded with more…

The study investigated effects of contrastive stress and phonetic context on misarticulations of consonantal /r/ with nine young children who misarticulated the consonant. Significant main effects were obtained for context and stress. Results are discussed in terms of possible effects of production and perceptual variables on listener judgments.…

Stutterers (N=201) and their nonstuttering same sex siblings were distributed identically in early, average, and late categories of language onset. Late talkers had significantly higher frequencies of articulation problems than did stutterers who were early or average talkers and their siblings. (Author/CL)

The times needed to initiate and terminate voicing in response to series of short segments of auditory signal were studied for 20 stuttering and 20 nonstuttering children (ages for both groups 5 to 12). The effects of random reward and nonreward on the phonatory response times also were studied. (Author/PHR)

The phonological systems of 40 functional misarticulators, ages 40-80 months, were examined in terms of the nature and variation of phonetic inventories and phonotactic constraints. Evidence suggests that these properties of disordered systems represent delays in the normal acquisition process and are not otherwise deviant. (Author/JDD)