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Zhai, Xiaoming; Haudek, Kevin C.; Ma, Wenchao – Research in Science Education, 2023
In this study, we developed machine learning algorithms to automatically score students' written arguments and then applied the cognitive diagnostic modeling (CDM) approach to examine students' cognitive patterns of scientific argumentation. We abstracted three types of skills (i.e., attributes) critical for successful argumentation practice:…
Descriptors: Persuasive Discourse, Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Measurement, Diagnostic Tests