The use of automated writing evaluation (AWE) in second language (L2) writing contexts has increased dramatically, as evidenced by the large body of research published on the topic over the past decade. Considering this, several systematic reviews on AWE have been published. Nevertheless, none of these review studies has exclusively focused on the…

Motivated by the proliferation of artificial intelligence that has the potential to promote self-access learning, this study utilizes a sequential explanatory quasi-experimental mixed methods design to investigate the efficacy of Google Assistant (GA) in facilitating second language (L2) vocabulary learning compared to online dictionaries. A…

Chatbot research has received growing attention due to the rapid diversification of chatbot technology, as demonstrated by the emergence of large language models (LLMs) and their integration with automatic speech recognition. However, among various chatbot types, speech-recognition chatbots have received limited attention in relevant research…

This study explores the integration of advanced AI technologies, including emotion detection and adaptive learning systems, to enhance second language acquisition among 274 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. Utilizing a pretest-posttest randomized control trial, the research evaluates the effects of AI-enhanced interventions on…

A text recommendation system helps language learners find suitable reading materials. Similar to graded readers, most systems assign difficulty levels or school grades to the documents in their database, and then identify the documents that best match the language proficiency of the learner. This graded approach has two main limitations. First,…

This study explored the effect of ChatGPT on the speaking self-efficacy level of English as foreign language learners. The research followed the mixed method approach and involved a total of 65 participants who were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group used the ChatGPT for communicative activities, while…

The recent surge of online language learning services in the past decade has benefitted second language learners. However, there is a lack of understanding of whether learners, especially young learners, are engaged in online learning, and how educators can enhance the engagement of the online learning experience. This study examines an artificial…

Recent years have witnessed the growing presence of artificial intelligence in language learning apps. Against this backdrop, this technology review provides an overview of the affordances of Speeko and discusses its potential in developing English-as-a-foreign-language students' public speaking skills.

This study investigated the usage of conversational artificial intelligence (CAI) to support learners in foreign language classrooms. It employed Google Assistant and focused on the interactions between the teacher, learners, and CAI, as well as the teacher's collaboration with CAI. Using social network and content analyses of two 50-minute…

Language learning has dramatically influenced the extensiveness of web-based learning, AI applications, smart content, personalized tutoring systems, virtual facilitators. This paper aims to review the empirical evidence on the application of intelligent agents in English learning to define the future research perspectives of Teachable…

Expressing thoughts and feelings efficiently is fundamental in daily, academic, and professional life. Accordingly, self-efficacy beliefs play pivotal roles in shaping learners' speaking performance through various dimensions. Higher education institutions assume responsibility for boosting students' speaking self-efficacy, thereby contributing to…

The primary objective of this study was to examine the range of available Artificial Intelligence (AI) writing tools and assess their influence on student writing, particularly in terms of content and organization, as perceived by English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers. Utilizing a qualitative approach, the research was constructed within a…

This study explores the roles and research foci of AILEd (Artificial Intelligence in Language Education). The AILEd studies published from 1990 to 2020 in the WOS (Web of Science) database were included in the present study. Based on the well-recognized Technology-based Learning Review model, several dimensions, such as research methods, research…

Despite growing interest in exploring the application of chatbots in language education, studies on the process of chatbot-assisted language learning are scant. This qualitative study uses activity theory to understand how English as a foreign language students engage with a chatbot, Argumate, when composing argumentative essays. Five Chinese…

This study investigates the impact of AI-assisted language learning (AIAL) strategies on cognitive load and learning outcomes in the context of language acquisition. Specifically, the study explores three distinct AIAL strategies: personalized feedback and adaptive learning, interactive exercises with speech recognition, and intelligent tutoring…