International university students often experience acculturative stress, and culturally appropriate techniques to manage stress are needed. This randomized trial tested the effects of group assertiveness training, private expressive writing, their combination, and a wait-list control on the acculturative stress, affect, and health of 118…

College students (n=113) participated in study comparing effects of elaboration likelihood model (ELM) based assertion workshop with those of typical assertion workshop. ELM-based workshop was significantly better at producing favorable attitude change, greater intention to act assertively, and more favorable evaluations of workshop content.…

Proposes a taxonomy for classifying certain kinds of client self-presentations as defensive and assertive strategies to influence counselors' impressions and behaviors. Describes four assertive strategies (ingratiation, supplication, self-promotion, and intimidation) and one defensive strategy ("facework") along with their short-term…

Reports follow-up evaluations of effectiveness of cognitive-behavior modification (CBM) and cognitive-behavior modification plus assertion training (CBM/AT) treatments in reducing Type A behavior among university faculty. CBM and CBM/AT groups continued to report significantly less Type A behavior, less speed and impatience. No differences were…

Examined the behavioral reactions to and perceptions of assertive, apologetic, and aggressive requests. Subjects (N=60) were involved in situations where compliance with requests involved high or low sacrifice. Increasing sacrifice for the subject decreased the request's effectiveness, in that fewer subjects complied with it, regardless of the…

Participants in assertiveness training groups who rated their degree of interest in improving their assertive skills in 26 areas indicated that being assertive when confronted with another's aggression was the highest priority, whereas saying no in various situations assumed a much lower priority. (Author)

Examined relationship of personal assertiveness and social support in two independent samples of college students (n=442). Results provided evidence that personal assertiveness significantly augments specific types of social relationships to predict psychological symptoms under stressful conditions. (Author/ABL)

Investigated the effectiveness of cognitive-behavior modification (CBM) and cognitive-behavior modification plus assertiveness training (CBM/AT), in reducing Type A behavior among university faculty. Findings indicated that both treatments were effective in reducing Type A behavior, but that the addition of assertiveness training in the CBM/AT…

Examined effects of assertion training on aggressive adolescents' behavior. Ninth-grade students judged by peers to be aggressive were assigned to assertion training, placebo, and no-treatment control groups. Results showed that assertion training yielded significant improvement on the assertion scale, but had little effect on peer-judged…

Explored the validity of the College Self-Expression Scale (CSES) for 144 students in the context of three alternative models of behavior--personism, situationalism, and interactionalism. Results supported the concurrent validity of the CSES and the role of both person and situational, but not interactional, influences on assertion. (WAS)

Results indicate that assertiveness training is attractive to and effective for low performance self-esteem women. Treatment brings immediate and long-lasting improvement. (Author/BEF)

Handicapped individuals matched on self-reported assertiveness were assigned to one of two conditions. Behavioral role playing, self-report, and activity budget pre- and post-test measures revealed that assertion-training subjects reported greater gains in assertive behavior and showed greater improvement in performance on seven criterion measures…

Evaluated cognitive, behavioral, and combined assertiveness treatments for dysfunctional job-interviewing skills. Cognitive treatment had no impact on any outcome variable. Some evidence favoring behavioral treatment appeared on cognitive assessment battery but not on behavioral battery, suggesting that cognitive improvements were not clearly…

Investigated the effects of group assertive training on aggression in 48 male Black adolescents, and compared the effectiveness of professional and peer counselors. Results suggested that professional counselors and peer counselors are equally effective and that subjects who learn assertive responses will exhibit significantly less aggressive…

Analyzed components of assertiveness, assessed by the College Self-Expression Scale, for Asian-American (N=105) and Caucasian (N=135) students. Results showed a significant difference in full-scale assertion scores indicating lower levels of overall assertion in Asian Americans, interpreted as consistent with value differences between…