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Warburton, Victoria; Spray, Christopher – European Physical Education Review, 2014
We examined the utility of distinguishing between appearance- and competition-focused approach and avoidance performance goals to our understanding of motivation in physical education. Four achievement goals were tested composed of approach-avoidance and appearance-competition components. Three hundred and two pupils, aged 11-14 years, completed…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Competition, Performance, Physical Education
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Assor, Avi; Vansteenkiste, Maarten; Kaplan, Avi – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2009
On the basis of self-determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000), the authors examined whether 2 different types of introjected motivation--an avoidant type aimed at avoiding low self-worth and an approach type aimed at attaining high self-worth--are both associated with a less positive pattern of correlates relative to identified…
Descriptors: Student Motivation, Academic Achievement, Athletics, Self Determination