Protecting Hunting Heritage and Education Act was put in place to amend the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 to clarify that the prohibition on the use of Federal education funds for certain weapons does not apply to the use of such weapons for training in archery, hunting, or other shooting sports. The Act includes the following…

To clarify the athletic requirements contained in the Title IX regulations of the Education Amendment of 1972, this policy interpretation was designed to provide colleges and universities with more guidance on how to comply with the law. The obligations of colleges and universities are clarified in the following areas: student interests and…

Argues that the general language of the Title IX statute, together with certain specific features of it, strongly suggests that the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare should develop more stringent and demanding regulations based on social policy considerations concerning sex discrimination in intercollegiate sports. Available from Yale…

A tort is an actionable wrong, other than breach of contract, that the courts will recognize and intervene to equalize. There are three questions the court will ask: Did someone owe someone else a duty? Was there a breach of duty owed? Was the breach the proximate cause of the plaintiff's injury? The grounds for injury actions may be classified as…

This paper discusses the Equal Pay Act, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as it applies to women athletic coaches and physical education teachers. The following points are considered: (1) application of the Equal Pay Act; (2) advantage of voluntary compliance with the Equal Pay Act; (3) factors used to measure "equal work"; (4)…

This booklet examines the requirements of the Title IX regulation for physical education and the principles and activities most important for complying with these requirements. It also examines concerns most frequently raised regarding the advisability of the required changes and presents information and suggestions for evaluating and alleviating…

A court decision rejecting the charge of the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (A.I.A.W.) that the National Collegiate Athletics Association forced it out of operation by engaging in anticompetitive actions to induce members to leave the A.I.A.W. is discussed, including excerpts of the court's opinion. (MSE)

Through the requirements of Title IX and of various sports organizations, enforced by the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare and the courts, the external regulation of intercollegiate sports is a salient fact of college and university existence. The legal basis for regulation and some examples of enforcement are examined. (JMD)

The ruling of a state judge that the National Collegiate Athletic Association could not require that Jerry Tarkanian, basketball coach at the University of Nevada at Las Vegas, be suspended for recruiting violations is discussed. The ruling states that he was denied due process. (MLW)

Although athletic events generate their share of negligence lawsuits, the relatively small number, compared with other education areas, suggests that defenses (like assumption or risk and contributory negligence) have a better fit in athletics. Implications of newer litigation trends involving coaches' misconduct and interpretation of state…

This booklet lists 11 national standards for youth sports programs developed to promote a positive social experience as the primary goal of such programs. Each standard includes information on the background of its development, its rationale, and implementation information. Many of the standards address parent responsibilities. The standards are:…

This document presents a summary report on the status of University of California athletic programs and on progress made in expanding opportunities for women. Each of five areas of campus athletic programs is reviewed in some detail for each sex, including: intercollegiate athletics, intramural sports, recreational club sports, physical education…

This transcript of an oral presentation reviews a Kansas Supreme Court decision concerning supplemental contracts (the Hachiya decision), which held that coaching is always performed under a supplemental contract no matter when the assignment occurs. Four previous decisions regarding coaching and contracts are discussed: (1) Smith v Board of…

The ramifications of Title IX compliance are explored in the context of existing programs and procedures. The handbook is written from the standpoint that, once physical education personnel and governance officials are aware of Title IX, they will wish to take the suggested action steps so that program improvement will result. The first section…

This document represents a model legal case for defending a girl who wants to play soccer on her high school's all male soccer team. Contained are descriptions of the parties involved, the statement of claim, the causes of action, the laws that action is taken under, and former court decisions that might have bearing on the case. Also included are…