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Hsieh, Po-Jang; Colas, Jaron T. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
The contents of working memory (WM) have predominantly been viewed as necessarily conscious. However, recent findings suggest otherwise. Here we investigate whether visual WM can represent subliminal stimuli, such that the positions of an invisible moving object can be extrapolated or learned about in terms of their task-relevant predictive power.…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Short Term Memory, Visual Perception, Attention
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Luke, Steven G.; Nuthmann, Antje; Henderson, John M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2013
The present study used the stimulus onset delay paradigm to investigate eye movement control in reading and in scene viewing in a within-participants design. Short onset delays (0, 25, 50, 200, and 350 ms) were chosen to simulate the type of natural processing difficulty encountered in reading and scene viewing. Fixation duration increased…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Human Body, Attention, Models
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Wetzel, Nicole; Widmann, Andreas; Schroger, Erich – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
Unexpected and task-irrelevant sounds can capture our attention and may cause distraction effects reflected by impaired performance in a primary task unrelated to the perturbing sound. The present auditory-visual oddball study examines the effect of the informational content of a sound on the performance in a visual discrimination task. The…
Descriptors: Auditory Stimuli, Attention, Visual Discrimination, Novelty (Stimulus Dimension)
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Laidlaw, Kaitlin E. W.; Risko, Evan F.; Kingstone, Alan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
People tend to look at other people's eyes, but whether this bias is automatic or volitional is unclear. To discriminate between these two possibilities, we used a "don't look" (DL) paradigm. Participants looked at a series of upright or inverted faces, and were asked either to freely view the faces or to avoid looking at the eyes, or as a…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Visual Stimuli, Attention, Bias
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Enns, James T.; MacDonald, Sarah C. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2013
Visual artists and photographers believe that a viewer's gaze can be guided by selective use of image clarity and blur, but there is little systematic research. In this study, participants performed several eye-tracking tasks with the same naturalistic photographs, including recognition memory for the entire photo, as well as recognition memory…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Eye Movements, Photography, Visual Stimuli
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Marotta, Andrea; Lupianez, Juan; Martella, Diana; Casagrande, Maria – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
This study aimed to evaluate the type of attentional selection (location- and/or object-based) triggered by two different types of central noninformative cues: eye gaze and arrows. Two rectangular objects were presented in the visual field, and subjects' attention was directed to the end of a rectangle via the observation of noninformative…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Cues, Eye Movements, Spatial Ability
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Guzman-Martinez, Emmanuel; Grabowecky, Marcia; Palafox, German; Suzuki, Satoru – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2011
Visual spatial attention can be exogenously captured by a salient stimulus or can be endogenously allocated by voluntary effort. Whether these two attention modes serve distinctive functions is debated, but for processing of single targets the literature suggests superiority of exogenous attention (it is faster acting and serves more functions).…
Descriptors: Visual Discrimination, Spatial Ability, Color, Alphabets
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Salverda, Anne Pier; Altmann, Gerry T. M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2011
Participants saw a small number of objects in a visual display and performed a visual detection or visual-discrimination task in the context of task-irrelevant spoken distractors. In each experiment, a visual cue was presented 400 ms after the onset of a spoken word. In experiments 1 and 2, the cue was an isoluminant color change and participants…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Attention, Eye Movements, Cues
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Richard, Ashleigh M.; Lee, Hyunkyu; Vecera, Shaun P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2008
The authors investigated 2 effects of object-based attention: the spread of attention within an attended object and the prioritization of search across possible target locations within an attended object. Participants performed a flanker task in which the location of the task-relevant target was fixed and known to participants. A spreading…
Descriptors: Attention, Visual Discrimination, Reaction Time, Eye Movements
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Ho, Ming-Chou; Atchley, Paul – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2009
Two experimental series are reported using both reaction time (RT) and a data-limited perceptual report to examine the effects of perceptual load on object-based attention. Perceptual load was manipulated across 3 levels by increasing the complexity of perceptual judgments. Data from the RT-based experiments showed object-based effects when the…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Difficulty Level, Perception, Reaction Time
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Lien, Mei-Ching; Ruthruff, Eric; Cornett, Logan; Goodin, Zachary; Allen, Philip A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2008
The present study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to determine the degree to which people can process words while devoting central attention to another task. Experiments 1-4 measured the N400 effect, which is sensitive to the degree of mismatch between a word and the current semantic context. Experiment 5 measured the P3 difference between…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes, Visual Stimuli, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Hubner, Ronald; Lehle, Carola – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2007
In this study, the authors used a dual-task flanker paradigm to investigate the degree to which flankers are coprocessed with the target as a function of whether flankers have to be used as stimuli for a second task. A series of experiments, in which performance in dual tasks was compared with that in single tasks, revealed that participants had a…
Descriptors: Attention, Experiments, Visual Stimuli, Task Analysis
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Santangelo, Valerio; Spence, Charles – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2007
We compared the ability of auditory, visual, and audiovisual (bimodal) exogenous cues to capture visuo-spatial attention under conditions of no load versus high perceptual load. Participants had to discriminate the elevation (up vs. down) of visual targets preceded by either unimodal or bimodal cues under conditions of high perceptual load (in…
Descriptors: Cues, Attention Control, Attention, Visual Discrimination
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Whitney, David – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2006
Perceived position depends on many factors, including motion present in a visual scene. Convincing evidence shows that high-level motion perception-which is driven by top-down processes such as attentional tracking or inferred motion-can influence the perceived position of an object. Is high-level motion sufficient to influence perceived position,…
Descriptors: Motion, Perception, Experiments, Attention
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Olivers, Christian N. L.; Meijer, Frank; Theeuwes, Jan – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2006
In 7 experiments, the authors explored whether visual attention (the ability to select relevant visual information) and visual working memory (the ability to retain relevant visual information) share the same content representations. The presence of singleton distractors interfered more strongly with a visual search task when it was accompanied by…
Descriptors: Attention, Short Term Memory, Visualization, Visual Discrimination
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