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Suh, Jihyun; Bugg, Julie M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Existing approaches in the literature on cognitive control in conflict tasks almost exclusively target the outcome of control (by comparing mean congruency effects) and not the processes that shape control. These approaches are limited in addressing a current theoretical issue--what contribution does learning make to adjustments in cognitive…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis, Conflict, Learning Processes
Harmon, Tyson G.; Nielsen, Courtney; Loveridge, Corinne; Williams, Camille – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2022
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate how emotional arousal and valence affect confrontational naming accuracy and response time (RT) in people with mild-to-moderate aphasia compared with adults without aphasia. We hypothesized that negative and positive emotions would facilitate naming for people with aphasia (PWA) but lead to…
Descriptors: Aphasia, Accuracy, Naming, Pictorial Stimuli
Brodeur, Darlene A.; Stewart, Jillian; Dawkins, Tamara; Burack, Jacob A. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
The findings are evidence that persons with ASD benefit more than typically developing (TD) persons from spatial framing cues in focusing their attention on a visual target. Participants were administered a forced-choice task to assess visual filtering. A target stimulus was presented on a screen and flanker stimuli were presented simultaneously…
Descriptors: Children, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Attention
Hochhauser, Michal; Aran, Adi; Grynszpan, Ouriel – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2018
Visual attention of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was assessed using a change blindness paradigm. Twenty-five adolescents with ASD aged 12-18 years and 25 matched typically developing (TD) adolescents viewed 36 pairs of digitized real-world images. Each pair of images was displayed in a "flicker paradigm" whereby a…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Adolescents, Visual Perception
Gustafson, Samantha J.; Key, Alexandra P.; Hornsby, Benjamin W. Y.; Bess, Fred H. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2018
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine fatigue associated with sustained and effortful speech-processing in children with mild to moderately severe hearing loss. Method: We used auditory P300 responses, subjective reports, and behavioral indices (response time, lapses of attention) to measure fatigue resulting from sustained…
Descriptors: Fatigue (Biology), Hearing Impairments, Mild Disabilities, Measures (Individuals)
Beesley, Tom; Hanafi, Gunadi; Vadillo, Miguel A.; Shanks, David R.; Livesey, Evan J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Two experiments examined biases in selective attention during contextual cuing of visual search. When participants were instructed to search for a target of a particular color, overt attention (as measured by the location of fixations) was biased strongly toward distractors presented in that same color. However, when participants searched for…
Descriptors: Attention, Cues, Bias, Visual Perception
Cheng, Xue Jun; McCarthy, Callum J.; Wang, Tony S. L.; Palmeri, Thomas J.; Little, Daniel R. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Upright faces are thought to be processed more holistically than inverted faces. In the widely used composite face paradigm, holistic processing is inferred from interference in recognition performance from a to-be-ignored face half for upright and aligned faces compared with inverted or misaligned faces. We sought to characterize the nature of…
Descriptors: Holistic Approach, Models, Comparative Analysis, Correlation
Ratcliff, Roger; Van Dongen, Hans P. A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Sleep deprivation adversely affects the ability to perform cognitive tasks, but theories range from predicting an overall decline in cognitive functioning because of reduced stability in attentional networks to specific deficits in various cognitive domains or processes. We measured the effects of sleep deprivation on two memory tasks, item…
Descriptors: Sleep, Reaction Time, Accuracy, Memory
Sierra, María de los Dolores Valadez; Maldonado, Luis Alexis Aguiñaga; González, José Salvador Morales; Verche, Emilio; del Rosal, África Borges; Cervantes, Celia Josefina Rodríguez – Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2018
Introduction: Certain behaviors associated with high intellectual ability, such as inattention and early response, are often confused with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), making correct diagnosis more difficult. The objective of the present study was to analyze the performance of students with high intellectual ability and…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Attention, Conceptual Tempo, Cognitive Ability
Zhang, Hui; He, Yunfeng; Tao, Ting; Shi, Jian-Nong – High Ability Studies, 2016
The term "intellectually gifted rural-to-urban migrant children" refers to intellectually gifted children who are in migration from rural to urban areas. We compared performances on seven attention tasks among intellectually gifted (n = 26) and average (n = 30) rural-to-urban migrant and intellectually gifted urban children (n = 31). Our…
Descriptors: Academically Gifted, Rural to Urban Migration, Children, Attention
Akizuki, Kazunori; Ohashi, Yukari – Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2014
Purpose: The influence of attention on postural control and the relationship between attention and falling has been reported in previous studies. Although a dual-task procedure is commonly used to measure attentional demand, such procedures are affected by allocation policy, which is a mental strategy to divide attention between simultaneous…
Descriptors: Attention, Metabolism, Physiology, Measures (Individuals)
Freedberg, Michael; Wagschal, Tana T.; Hazeltine, Eliot – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
For skill learning processes to be effective, they must encode associations that are inherent to the current task and avoid those that are spurious or particular to training conditions so that learning can transfer to novel situations. Some everyday contexts even require grouped responding to simultaneously presented stimuli. Here we test whether…
Descriptors: Incidental Learning, Stimuli, Responses, Comparative Analysis
Bertenthal, Bennett I.; Boyer, Ty W.; Harding, Samuel – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Infants' understanding of a pointing gesture represents a major milestone in their communicative development. The current consensus is that infants are not capable of following a pointing gesture until 9-12 months of age. In this article, we present evidence from 4- and 6-month-old infants challenging this conclusion. Infants were tested with…
Descriptors: Infants, Nonverbal Communication, Eye Movements, Attention
Pozuelos, Joan P.; Paz-Alonso, Pedro M.; Castillo, Alejandro; Fuentes, Luis J.; Rueda, M. Rosario – Developmental Psychology, 2014
In the present study, we investigated developmental trajectories of alerting, orienting, and executive attention networks and their interactions over childhood. Two cross-sectional experiments were conducted with different samples of 6-to 12-year-old children using modified versions of the attention network task (ANT). In Experiment 1 (N = 106),…
Descriptors: Attention, Child Development, Cues, Children
Chen, C.-C.; Ringenbach, S. D. R.; Crews, D.; Kulinna, P. H.; Amazeen, Eric L. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2015
Background: This study was aimed at investigating the impact of a single exercise intervention on executive function in young adults with Down syndrome (DS). Methods: Considering the relations among executive function, physical and mental health and early onset of Alzheimer's disease in this population, we tested three components of executive…
Descriptors: Exercise, Intervention, Executive Function, Young Adults