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Kalashnikova, Marina; Pejovic, Jovana; Carreiras, Manuel – Developmental Science, 2021
Bilingualism is a powerful experiential factor, and its effects have been proposed to extend beyond the linguistic domain by boosting the development of executive functioning skills. Crucially, recent findings suggest that this effect can be detected in bilingual infants before their first birthday indicating that it emerges as a result of early…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Attention, Executive Function, Infants
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Schmidt, Shelly J. – Journal of Food Science Education, 2020
Numerous studies from psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience have generated substantial evidence suggesting that multitasking while doing schoolwork has a significant detrimental effect on student learning and performance. Despite this evidence, attending to multiple streams of information and entertainment while doing homework, writing a…
Descriptors: Attention, Interference (Learning), Attention Control, Student Motivation
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Smallwood, Jonathan – Psychological Bulletin, 2013
Cognition can unfold with little regard to the events taking place in the environment, and such self-generated mental activity poses a specific set of challenges for its scientific analysis in both cognitive science and neuroscience. One problem is that the spontaneous onset of self-generated mental activity makes it hard to distinguish the events…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Attention, Perception, Theories
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Mrazek, Michael D.; Smallwood, Jonathan; Franklin, Michael S.; Chin, Jason M.; Baird, Benjamin; Schooler, Jonathan W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2012
Tests of working memory capacity (WMC) and fluid intelligence (gF) are thought to capture variability in a crucial cognitive capacity that is broadly predictive of success, yet pinpointing the exact nature of this capacity is an area of ongoing controversy. We propose that mind-wandering is associated with performance on tests of WMC and gF,…
Descriptors: Evidence, Short Term Memory, Attention, Attention Control
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Toll, Sylke W. M.; Van der Ven, Sanne H. G.; Kroesbergen, Evelyn H.; Van Luit, Johannes E. H. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2011
In the past years, an increasing number of studies have investigated executive functions as predictors of individual differences in mathematical abilities. The present longitudinal study was designed to investigate whether the executive functions shifting, inhibition, and working memory differ between low achieving and typically achieving children…
Descriptors: Group Membership, Learning Disabilities, Inhibition, Short Term Memory