It is well known that outlines can help learners establish a conceptual framework that connects new knowledge with prior knowledge, and thus promote learning. However, it is unclear whether outlines are beneficial before learning from watching an educational video. We tested the effects of two goal setting strategies on learning from a video…

With the development of information technology, co-viewing of live video streaming (LVS) has become a popular online learning method. However, existing studies have found inconsistent results regarding the effects of co-viewing, which could be due to the impact of learner-learner interactions. The present study tested the effects of co-viewing LVS…

The current study examined whether the learning benefits of pretesting--like those produced by posttesting--generalize to classroom settings, and whether such benefits transfer to non-pretested related information. Before some lectures but not others, undergraduate students enrolled in a large research methods class were given a brief competitive…

The emotion of boredom has sparked considerable interest in research on teaching and learning, but boredom during tests and exams has not yet been examined. Based on the control-value theory of achievement emotions, we hypothesized that students may experience significant levels of boredom during testing ("test boredom"; Hypothesis 1)…

The use of social media among students has gained significant attention due to its potential impact on academic performance, characterized by both positive and negative effects. However, limited research exists regarding the different types of excessive social media use and their influence on academic performance. In this innovative study, we aim…

Most college students have grown up using technology and consequently, they are proficient with its many uses and applications. The use of this technology provides many benefits to college students' learning, both in and out of the classroom. However, despite the numerous benefits of technology, these digital activities can also lead to much…

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of social media engagement, which includes frequency of using social media platforms (FSMP) and social media involvement, on the academic distraction and academic performance of the student. The study further tests the moderating role of attention control on the relationship between…

The benefits of physical activity in school settings and its impact on health and academic outcomes are of interest from public health and educational contexts. This study investigates how physically active learning (PAL): (i) contributes to children's physical activity levels, (ii) impacts on academic outcomes and (iii) influences children's…

The inverse relationship between test anxiety and test performance is commonly explained by test-anxious students' tendency to worry about a test and the consequences of failing. However, other cognitive facets of test anxiety have been identified that could account for this link, including interference by test-irrelevant thoughts and lack of…

Gaps exist in research on the effectiveness of preventive programs and strategies to address anxiety among children, placing the burden on educational leaders and teachers. The problem is anxiety poses a threat to the academic performance of first through fifth grade students. Cognitive learning theory and attentional control theory provided a…

Fidget toys have been marketed as universal educational supports in the absence of a scientific evidence base. This article gives an overview of the existing literature on the effect of fidget toy use on student attention, behavior, and learning, and a review of two competing theoretical approaches to fidget toys: sensory processing theory and…

Prior research has proposed that boredom and academic performance are reciprocally causal of one another. The present study sought to better understand the relationship between boredom and academic performance by, for the first time: distinguishing between boredom proneness, state boredom, and judgments of task boringness; conducting experiments…

Student attendance in class, and participation while in class, are predictors of student performance. Last year, we reported on a new measure combining class attendance and attentiveness while in class and used this participation score as a predictor of student performance on the final exam in the class. This year, we follow up by analyzing data…

Despite evidence that self-regulated learning ability is a strong predictor of academic achievement, effective learning and study strategies remain largely underutilized by students in higher education. In a time of extreme nursing shortage when prelicensure programs are operating at capacity, implications for course failure reach far beyond the…

Self-regulation of learning involves developing metacognitive awareness (planning, monitoring, and evaluating) of (a) cognition-motivational beliefs, (b) behaviors-persistence, effort, engagement, and (c) affect-enjoyment, interest, and other emotions. Metacognitive awareness creates opportunities to exert metacognitive control as needed, which…