The present study examined individual differences in the development of sustained attention across toddlerhood, as well as how these individual differences related to the development of language and sleep. Toddlers (N = 314; 54% male) were assessed at 30, 36, and 42 months using multiple measures of attention, a standardized language assessment,…

Within the framework of the theory of visual attention (TVA), the visual attention span (VAS) deficit among individuals with developmental dyslexia has been ascribed to the problems entailed by bottom-up (BotU) and top-down (TopD) attentional processes. The former involves two VAS subcomponents: the visual short-term memory storage and perceptual…

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine if reading purpose (study or entertainment) varied the effect of reading medium on comprehension and accuracy of perceptions of comprehension. A secondary purpose was to examine how mind wandering relates to reading medium and reading purpose. An unanticipated purpose was examining the role of…

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between attention abilities, geometry, and phonological awareness skills of 60-72 months old children. The accessible population of the research in the relational scanning model consisted of 60-72 months old children attending to kindergartens and nursery classes of elementary schools in a…

Children appear to be faced with more stressors today than ever before, and schools are tasked with providing social and emotional support and instruction to help their students navigate life's ups and downs. The purpose of this mixed methods action research case study was to explore the effectiveness of mindfulness-based practices as a social and…

Procrastination is a well-known phenomenon experienced by a lot of people in everyday life. People sometimes intentionally, sometimes unintentionally put off their tasks even though they might be worse off due to the delay (e.g., not paying bills due, even though they have sufficient funds in their bank account). It is safe to say everybody…

It was not known what school staff identifies as student behavioral concerns in rural, low-income elementary schools, what they attribute as the cause of these behaviors, and how this attribution may affect their response to such behavior. This qualitative case study explored the experiences of school staff members at a low-income elementary…

The significance of illusion as a positive force in everyday life has been underestimated in both societal discourse and in empirical science. The objective of this study is to provide a synthesis of many academic disciplines' understanding of illusion and reality by proposing a taxonomy of functional and dysfunctional subjective realities as…

Understanding how children demonstrate creativity assists educators in designing learning experiences that foster this key competency. Frameworks such as the "A-E of Children's Creativity" assist in the analysis of children's creativity, presenting their creative thinking characteristics as five connected processes: agency, being…

Attention deficit is one of the child ailments that most parents worry about. To shed light on this problem, the aim of this survey is to investigate the effects of 6-weeks regular table tennis education on the attention levels of school children. The research was carried out on 11 elementary school students (9.82 [plus or minus] 2.23) who have…

The utilization of in-class technology to enhance student learning and increase topic engagement, such as audience response systems, is well-documented. Unfortunately, freely available personal technology such as cell phones and laptops can also act as distractions that reduce learning effectiveness. In this study, which was undertaken just prior…

The COVID-19 disruptions to children's education have been a major issue for families. This study examined how demographic, family, and mental health characteristics of 375 low-income children and their mothers from the City of Toronto were associated with children's educational experiences at home during COVID-19. Many mothers (82.3%) reported…

The purpose of this study was to identify differences in the length of attention in 2-year-olds across three teaching conditions. A total of 49 2-year-olds were observed within their childcare classrooms. The child's regular classroom teacher was asked to select three highly preferred toys to use in offering the child choices within the teaching…

Long-term semantic memory (LTM) is known for affecting recall during working memory (WM) tasks. However, the way LTM intervenes in WM remains unknown. Moreover, the available findings are incongruent concerning how attention modulates the impact of LTM on WM. To examine this issue, the involvement of LTM representations in a complex span task was…

Exposure to community adversities and violence can be associated with a cascade of neurocognitive, mental health, and behavioral challenges among urban adolescents. Influenced by the bio-ecological framework, this study examines if problems with executive functioning (EF) exacerbate the relation between exposure to community adversity and violence…