Offers rapprochement of Rotter's (1954) social learning theory with self-esteem and related constructs. Self constructs are defined and combined into a conceptual framework indicating the impact of their interrelations within a self-esteem system. An attribution model is used to clarify the impact of causal internalization on self-esteem.…

Proposes model of attributed responsibility for human immunodeficiency virus that classifies social judgments of another person's behavior that take into account extent to which behavior caused situation, person knew or should have known potential consequences of behavior, person intended to engage in behavior, and factors over which person had…

Explores use of psychological autopsies to clarify intention in suicide. Compares clinical experience with courtroom experience. Discusses the "decriminalization" of suicide and insurance concerns, mental disorders, and intention to commit suicide. Notes that capacity to have the intent to commit suicide is lost due to mental disorders only under…

Alcoholism in females requires a different explanation from alcoholism in males. A set of dimensions for analyzing the problem was specified. A two-track model emerged: depression-dependence, and low femininity. These are seen as developmental, with life events contributing to a value-added propensity to problem drinking, ultimately triggered by a…

Occurring in about 12 percent of postpartum women, postpartum depression has been focus of considerable research. Variables that have been correlated with postpartum depression range from biological causes, to lack of social support, to relationship with husband, to attributional styles, to psychodynamic explanations. There is need for more…

Discusses legal divorce in Poland. Several changes in family law have been introduced to protect the welfare of children. Yet, because of the difficult conditions of everyday life in Poland, the effects of divorce often prove a burden for the divorced person with children and for the extended family. (JAC)

Supported the hypotheses that blaming one's spouse for marital problems is negatively associated with marital satisfaction and perceived personal control over conflicts is positively associated with marital satisfaction. The wife's satisfaction was found to be related to her perception of both husband's and wife's contributions. (Author)

Causes which need to be considered in assessing and treating discord between partners include the precipitating event, reaction of a person to that event, interactional dynamics of the partners, and goals and objectives of the relationship. This approach permits one to accept legitimate responsibility for his/her behavior and feelings. (Author)

Presents a comprehensive view of the societal, cultural, familial, and personality factors that form the context of people at risk for incest and associated problems. Summarizes the consequences and the causal context of incest and describes an ecosystems approach to intervention. (Author/LLL)

Describes a path analytic approach to a model of extramarital sexual permissiveness. Variables include age, gender, education, religiosity, political liberalism, premarital sexual permissiveness, autonomy, marital happiness, and power. (JAC)

Shows that attributions about the causes of another person's behavior are only moderately good predictors of behavior. Reviews a particular area, showing the effects of a leader's attributions about a subordinate's behavior on the leader's actions towards that subordinate. Other factors are as important in predicting behavior as attributions.…

If research on personality is to be productive and progressive, it is necessary to make objectives explicit and to link abstractions with common experiences. Six levels of classification outline these objectives. Level 1 involves the characterization and classification of persons. Level 2 studies attributes. Level 3 is concerned with inferred…

Presents the second part of a cognitive model of family conflict. Proposes that high efficacy enhances persistence in family problem solving while low efficacy inhibits such efforts, and that chronic low efficacy may lead to learned helplessness responses in family members. (Author)

Using attribution theory and social learning theory, a conceptual model explaining how attributional and efficacy questions influence family conflict attitudes and behaviors is presented. The effect of causal attributions on blaming behavior and generalizations is examined. More attention should be paid to individual cognitions in family conflict.…

Reviews various social psychological constructs to offer theoretical framework within which to view resistance and related phenomena in school consultation. Focuses on resistance, cognitive dissonance, reactance, attribution, influence-power, and modeling. Summarizes contributions and applications of other authors; provides additional applications…