This paper is concerned with three possible theoretical relationships, between education and social, economic and political development, that--(a) education improves society, (b) education reproduces society as it is and (c) education actually makes society worse. The paper then uses South Africa as a case study to critically analyse these…

Compulsory mass schooling has its origins in social control, resulting in authoritarianism and violence against students in the form of punishment. Control, power, and authoritarianism are also linked to schools' role in fostering violent behavior among students. (Contains 44 references.) (SK)

Explores the authoritarian model of education that has predominated historically and internationally, and argues that in recent years international political and educational developments have dramatically strengthened the position of democratic alternatives to such schooling. Concludes by discussing the correlation of educational effectiveness…

Authoritarian rule in Africa has exacerbated poverty levels in six ways. Achievement of greater democracy depends upon political culture and civil society in Africa becoming more democratic; education must play a part in teaching democratic values and behaviors. Examples show how education has not furthered democracy in Botswana, Zimbabwe, and…

The literature profiles few schools that have determined to democratize their existing, primarily authoritarian structures. This article discusses reasons for democratization and summarizes participant responses in two schools in England and South Africa that have attempted such changes. Both studies explore the role of pupil participation in…