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Immediate and Subsequent Effects of Matched and Unmatched Stimuli on Targeted Vocal Stereotypy and Untargeted Motor Stereotypy
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Rapp, John T.; Swanson, Greg; Sheridan, Stephanie M.; Enloe, Kimberly A.; Maltese, Diana; Sennott, Lisa A.; Shrader, Lauren; Carroll, Regina A.; Richling, Sarah M.; Long, Ethan S.; Lanovaz, Marc J. – Behavior Modification, 2013
The authors evaluated the effects of matched and unmatched stimuli on immediate and subsequent engagement in targeted vocal stereotypy (Experiment 1) and untargeted motor stereotypy (Experiment 2). Results of Experiment 1 showed that (a) matched stimulation decreased immediate engagement in vocal stereotypy for 8 of 11 participants and increased…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Behavior Problems, Repetition, Motor Reactions
Further Evaluations of Functional Communication Training and Chained Schedules of Reinforcement to Treat Multiple Functions of Challenging Behavior
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Falcomata, Terry S.; Muething, Colin S.; Gainey, Summer; Hoffman, Katherine; Fragale, Christina – Behavior Modification, 2013
We evaluated functional communication training (FCT) combined with a chained schedule of reinforcement procedure for the treatment of challenging behavior exhibited by two individuals diagnosed with Asperger syndrome and autism. Following functional analyses that suggested that challenging behavior served multiple functions for both participants,…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Functional Behavioral Assessment, Interpersonal Communication, Communication Skills
Description of a Practitioner Model for Identifying Preferred Stimuli with Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Karsten, Amanda M.; Carr, James E.; Lepper, Tracy L. – Behavior Modification, 2011
The rich technology of stimulus preference assessment (SPA) is a product of 40 years of experimental research. Basic principles of reinforcement and a modest empirical literature suggest that high-preference stimuli identified via SPA may enhance treatment efficacy and decrease problem behavior more effectively than less-preferred stimuli. SPAs…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Models
Observational Learning and Children with Autism
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Taylor, Bridget A.; DeQuinzio, Jaime A. – Behavior Modification, 2012
A skill essential for successful inclusion in general education settings is the ability to learn by observing others. Research, however, has documented children with autism display significant deficits in the fundamental skills necessary for observational learning. This article outlines the skills essential for observational learning from an…
Descriptors: Autism, Observational Learning, Basic Skills, Inclusion
Identifying Stimuli that Alter Immediate and Subsequent Levels of Vocal Stereotypy: A Further Analysis of Functionally Matched Stimulation
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Lanovaz, Marc J.; Fletcher, Sarah E.; Rapp, John T. – Behavior Modification, 2009
We used a three-component multiple-schedule with a brief reversal design to evaluate the effects of structurally unmatched and matched stimuli on immediate and subsequent vocal stereotypy that was displayed by three children with autism spectrum disorders. For 2 of the 3 participants, access to matched stimuli, unmatched stimuli, and music…
Descriptors: Auditory Stimuli, Stimulation, Autism, Identification
Recommendations for Reporting Independent Variables in Outcome Studies of Early and Intensive Behavioral Intervention for Autism
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Lechago, Sarah A.; Carr, James E. – Behavior Modification, 2008
Early and intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) has been established as an effective treatment for autism. However, the complexity and intensity of EIBI programs make it difficult to fully report all critical aspects of the independent variable. Consequently, scientific reports of EIBI outcomes have been criticized for providing less than…
Descriptors: Research Problems, Intervention, Autism, Predictor Variables
Functional Analysis of Erratic Body Movement Maintained by Visual Stimulation: Incorporating Conjugate Reinforcement Into a Paired-Stimulus Preference Assessment
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Rapp, John T.; Dozier, Claudia L.; Carr, James E.; Patel, Meeta R.; Enloe, Kimberly A. – Behavior Modification, 2004
A concurrent-operants design was used to analyze the repetitive behavior of observing reflective surfaces while simultaneously engaging in erratic gross-motor body movements (EBMs) exhibited by a young boy diagnosed with autism. The assessment involved an evaluation of preference for controlled (i. e., the participant controlled the visual…
Descriptors: Videotape Recordings, Stimulation, Behavior Problems, Visual Stimuli