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Peer reviewed
Direct linkHonda, Takato – Learning & Memory, 2022
Neural network dynamics underlying flexible animal behaviors remain elusive. The fruit fly "Drosophila" melanogaster is considered an excellent model in behavioral neuroscience because of its simple neuroanatomical architecture and the availability of various genetic methods. Moreover, "Drosophila" larvae's transparent body…
Descriptors: Neurological Organization, Animals, Neurosciences, Behavior
Watson, Poppy; Pavri, Yenti; Le, Jenny; Pearson, Daniel; Le Pelley, Mike E. – Learning & Memory, 2022
Attention, the mechanism that prioritizes stimuli in the environment for further processing, plays an important role in behavioral choice. In the present study, we investigated the automatic orienting of attention to cues that signal reward. Such attentional capture occurs despite negative consequences, and we investigated whether this…
Descriptors: Attention, Cues, Rewards, Visual Stimuli
Xu, Jiale; Casanave, Romelo; Guo, Su – Learning & Memory, 2021
Balancing exploration and anti-predation are fundamental to the fitness and survival of all animal species from early life stages. How these basic survival instincts drive learning remains poorly understood. Here, using a light/dark preference paradigm with well-controlled luminance history and constant visual surrounding in larval zebrafish, we…
Descriptors: Animals, Light, Visual Stimuli, Behavior
Takemoto, Makoto; Song, Wen-Jie – Learning & Memory, 2019
Discrimination between sensory stimuli associated with safety and threat is crucial for behavioral decisions. Discriminative conditioning paradigms with two acoustic conditioned stimuli (one paired with shock [CS+], the other unpaired with shock [CS-]) have been widely used as an experimental model for fear learning. However, no attention has been…
Descriptors: Animals, Safety, Cues, Fear
Derman, Rifka C.; Schneider, Kevin; Juarez, Shaina; Delamater, Andrew R. – Learning & Memory, 2018
When discrete localizable stimuli are used during appetitive Pavlovian conditioning, "sign-tracking" and "goal-tracking" responses emerge. Sign-tracking is observed when conditioned responding is directed toward the CS, whereas goal-tracking manifests as responding directed to the site of expected reward delivery. These…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Responses, Stimuli, Rewards
Costa, Renan M.; Baxter, Douglas A.; Byrne, John H. – Learning & Memory, 2020
Operant reward learning of feeding behavior in "Aplysia" increases the frequency and regularity of biting, as well as biases buccal motor patterns (BMPs) toward ingestion-like BMPs (iBMPs). The engram underlying this memory comprises cells that are part of a central pattern generating (CPG) circuit and includes increases in the intrinsic…
Descriptors: Memory, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Neurological Organization, Operant Conditioning
McManus, Jeffrey M.; Chiel, Hillel J.; Susswein, Abraham J. – Learning & Memory, 2019
Sensory feedback shapes ongoing behavior and may produce learning and memory. Motor responses to edible or inedible food in a reduced Aplysia preparation were examined to test how sensory feedback affects behavior and memory. Feeding patterns were initiated by applying a cholinomimetic onto the cerebral ganglion. Feedback from buccal muscles…
Descriptors: Feedback (Response), Motor Reactions, Sensory Experience, Behavior
Xia, Yanfang; Gurkina, Angelina; Bach, Dominik R. – Learning & Memory, 2019
Threat conditioning is a common associative learning model with translational relevance. How threat-conditioned cues impact on formally unrelated instrumental behavior in humans is not well known. Such an effect is known as Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT). While PIT with aversive primary Pavlovian reinforcers is established in nonhuman…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Fear, Associative Learning, Reinforcement
Araiba, Sho; El Massioui, Nicole; Brown, Bruce L.; Doyère, Valérie – Learning & Memory, 2018
This study demonstrates that overtraining in temporal discrimination modifies temporal stimulus control in a bisection task and produces habitual responding, as evidenced through insensitivity to food devaluation. Rats were trained or overtrained in a 2-versus 8-sec temporal discrimination task, with each duration associated with a lever (left or…
Descriptors: Time, Training, Animals, Perception
Yang, Qizong; Antonov, Igor; Castillejos, David; Nagaraj, Anagha; Bostwick, Caleb; Kohn, Andrea; Moroz, Leonid; Hawkins, Robert D. – Learning & Memory, 2018
Long-term but not short-term memory and synaptic plasticity in many brain areas require neurotrophin signaling, transcription, and epigenetic mechanisms including DNA methylation. However, it has been difficult to relate these cellular mechanisms directly to behavior because of the immense complexity of the mammalian brain. To address that…
Descriptors: Memory, Animals, Genetics, Brain
Reumann, Rebecca; Vierk, Ricardo; Zhou, Lepu; Gries, Frederice; Kraus, Vanessa; Mienert, Julia; Romswinkel, Eva; Morellini, Fabio; Ferrer, Isidre; Nicolini, Chiara; Fahnestock, Margaret; Rune, Gabriele; Glatzel, Markus; Galliciotti, Giovanna – Learning & Memory, 2017
The serine protease inhibitor neuroserpin regulates the activity of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) in the nervous system. Neuroserpin expression is particularly prominent at late stages of neuronal development in most regions of the central nervous system (CNS), whereas it is restricted to regions related to learning and memory in the…
Descriptors: Neurology, Metabolism, Memory, Learning
Lesuis, Sylvie L.; Catsburg, Lisa A. E.; Lucassen, Paul J.; Krugers, Harm J. – Learning & Memory, 2018
Multiple lines of evidence suggest that glucocorticoid hormones enhance memory consolidation of fearful events. However, most of these studies involve male individuals. Since anxiety, fear, and fear-associated disorders present differently in male and female subjects we investigated in mice whether male and female mice perform differently in a…
Descriptors: Conditioning, Fear, Anxiety, Animals
Wu, Zhemeng; Kavanova, Martina; Hickman, Lydia; Lin, Fiona; Buckley, Mark J. – Learning & Memory, 2020
According to dual-process theory, recognition memory performance draws upon two processes, familiarity and recollection. The relative contribution to recognition memory are commonly distinguished in humans by analyzing receiver-operating-characteristics (ROC) curves; analogous methods are more complex and very rare in animals but fast familiarity…
Descriptors: Memory, Recognition (Psychology), Familiarity, Recall (Psychology)
Ciernia, Annie Vogel; Kramár, Enikö A.; Matheos, Dina P.; Havekes, Robbert; Hemstedt, Thekla J.; Magnan, Christophe N.; Sakata, Keith; Tran, Ashley; Azzawi, Soraya; Lopez, Alberto; Dang, Richard; Wang, Weisheng; Trieu, Brian; Tong, Joyce; Barrett, Ruth M.; Post, Rebecca J.; Baldi, Pierre; Abel, Ted; Lynch, Gary; Wood, Marcelo A. – Learning & Memory, 2017
Recent human exome-sequencing studies have implicated polymorphic Brg1-associated factor (BAF) complexes (mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes) in several intellectual disabilities and cognitive disorders, including autism. However, it remains unclear how mutations in BAF complexes result in impaired cognitive function. Post-mitotic…
Descriptors: Intellectual Disability, Autism, Genetics, Neurological Impairments
McHail, Daniel G.; Valibeigi, Nazanin; Dumas, Theodore C. – Learning & Memory, 2018
The neural bases of cognition may be greatly informed by relating temporally defined developmental changes in behavior with concurrent alterations in neural function. A robust improvement in performance in spatial learning and memory tasks occurs at 3 wk of age in rodents. We reported that the developmental increase of spontaneous alternation in a…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Memory, Animals, Brain Hemisphere Functions
