Persons changing the most (in a positive direction) as the result of sensitivity training had the following characteristics: responsibility, achievement and original thinking. The following main traits hinder positive behavior change: nurturance, succorance and, to a lesser degree, autonomy and cautiousness. (SE)

Yalom's Q-sort questionnaire was administered to 13 groups and then item analized. Factor analysis identified seven major "curative" factors. Analysis of variance and correlation techniques showed that part of the variation in curative factor perception is related to characteristics of groups and/or their participants. (SE)

College students (N=18) participated in a 24-hour marathon gestalt workshop and responded to the Eysenck Personality Inventory before and after the event. Results revealed a significant positive change at the .01 level on a measure of neuroticism-stability and no change on a measure of extroversion-introversion. (Author)

This study evaluated and measured the effectiveness and enduring effects of two training groups with respect to transmitting knowledge and affecting change. Control subjects and experimental subjects were used. Data was obtained from the Sixteen Factor Personality Questionnaire, the Gough-Sanford Rigidity Scale, and the IPAT 8 Parallel Form…

Discusses a study evaluating encounter group experiences as they relate to behavioral measures of self-disclosure. Results are discussed in terms of clinical and ethical considerations in conducting encounter groups, the format of the particular group, group leadership styles, and clinical aspects of the group process. (Author/PC)

Participant perceptions following structured and nonstructured human relations training were investigated. The design included three structured and three nonstructured groups and three leader teams with each team conducting one group under each of the two formats. The evidence suggests that greater leader experience is associated with more…

This study examined the effects of a marathon group experience on university student's level of self-actualization two days and six weeks after the experience. Gains in self-actualization as a result of marathon group participation depended upon an individual's level of ego strength upon entering the group. (Author)

Internal-External Locus of Control refers to the extent to which persons perceive contingency relationships between their actions and subsequent outcomes. Those who believe they have some control over payoffs in their lives are called "Internals.""Externals," on the other hand, believe consequences are directed by agents outside of themselves.…

Investigates effects of human relations laboratory experiences on interpersonal behavior of college students. Subjects were 79 college students. Results indicate participation in human relations training laboratories does have an effect on self-perception and behavior. (Author/HMV)

Tests the hypothesis that if direct small group experience was shown to be relatively more effective than vicarious experience in heightening attraction, then a significant assumption of T-group theory would receive support. Results support the hypothesis. (Author)

This paper focuses on how the sociological perspective can make significant contributions in providing a meaningful conceptual framework for analyzing self concept changes. Insight in explaining why only certain kinds of limited changes typically occur among sensitivity group participants is presented. (Author)

College students (N=27) were assigned to a time-extended or a marathon group or a control condition to evaluate the effects of encounter experiences on self-perception and interpersonal behavior. Both experimental groups showed significantly greater changes in self-perceptions from pretest to posttest than the control group. (Author)

This study sought to discover how 91 counselor trainees felt about participating in an encounter group as part of their program. Subjects responded to pre-course, post-course, and followup questionnaires dealing with their attitudes toward groups and the actual group experience, and behavioral change attributable to the group experience.…

This report deals with the measurement of personality changes employing two modes of statistical treatment of data derived from two modes of group confrontation procedures. One group met for 12 weekly three-hour sessions. The other group met in an intensive group confrontation procedure for a continuous 38-hour session. (Author)

Results were interpreted as supporting Spielberger's notion that trait anxiety reflects a dispositional tendency to respond with anxiety in ego-threat situations and as suggesting that personality trait measures may be more relevant outcome indicators than measures of transitory mood states in marathon therapy research. (Author)