This study investigated the social behavior patterns of children who worked on a cooperative task. Several ways of increasing interdependence were explored, and the effects of such methods on task performance were determined. Seventy six same-sex triads of fourth and fifth graders were asked to cooperate in making a block-picture on a round board.…

The socialization function of education is examined through a study of how teachers' positions regarding responsibility affect the behavior and attitudes of their first-grade pupils. (LH)

Role models serve important functions for students, providing standards against which students can evaluate themselves, and motivating students toward innovative achievement. The findings of a study show that students tend to prefer models of the same sex. (Author/MLW)

Employees should assume accountability for self development through their own informal but intelligent reading programs. A framework for such reading, which is based on an analysis of job content is presented here, together with some suggestions as to where to begin reading. (Editor)

Discusses the influences on children of the stereotyped portrayals of animals and people found in children's books. References. (VJ)

The relationship between self-control and role-taking deficits as exhibited by 37 female institutionalized juvenile delinquents was assessed by Chandler's measure of social egocentrism. Subjects, matched on the basis of their scores on the Matching Familiar Figures (MFF) Test, were randomly assigned to treatment or control groups. The treatment…

Focuses on the work of girls who take on the role of refereeing the course of action within the game of hopscotch. The fieldwork for this article is based on a study of the interaction of bilingual Spanish- and English-speaking girls. The range of experiences within this game challenges characterizations of girls' play as limiting the development…

This paper presents a summary of behavior concepts that together provide the outline of a possible developmental theory of prosocial motivation. These concepts, based on human role-taking capacities, include empathic distress, sympathetic distress, personal guilt, and existential guild. At first, a child cannot discriminate between himself and…

Describes Project ABC (Iowa), designed to build effective learning climates for children through helping teachers identify behavioral needs of all children. Figure sketches included. (Author/CJ)

From infancy on the child is surrounded with sex-based role expectations. The school system clarifies and reinforces these images through the male dominated administrative structure, the unbalanced distribution of attention in primary classroom situations, and the mainstreaming of males and females into gender-tagged curriculum programs. Sexism is…

Role theorists maintain that good same-sex parent models are necessary for children to develop knowledge of appropriate sex roles. Cognitive theorists say that development of such knowledge depends on contact with good models, but models need not be parents. In the first phase of the study, children's knowledge of adult sex roles was determined…

A study was conducted to investigate whether: (1) children's preferences for activities vary as a function of the cultural stereotypes to which they are exposed; (2) children's perception of appropriate activities for females and males vary as a function of the cultural stereotypes to which they are exposed; and (3) the degree of differences…

A demonstration project using young men as day care workers in the Early Learning and Child care centers in Atlanta is described. The proposal for the demonstration project and a progress report are given. Four white advantaged and four black disadvantaged male high school students were recruited to work as caregivers for black and white boys and…

Psychosocial development is the focus of this psychology textbook. In part 1, a view of human development and society, the following areas are covered: (1) basic concepts of psychosocial development; (2) ways of viewing human development; and (3) dilemmas in human development. Part 2, the development of symbolic behavior and special factors in…

Used a standard picture-ranking task to assess preschooler's attitudes about orthopedically handicapped individuals. Found that children as young as preschool age can hold a functionally related preference for a normal over a physically handicapped person. Children who held this preference interacted differently in social situations than children…