Literature reviews dealing with psychotherapy and counseling too often conclude that no conclusions can be drawn. However, a critique of the literature on covert sensitization (CS) may offer clarifications of these apparently contradictory remarks. Research studies (N=84) were categorized by problem types, method used in the investigation, method…

The trainer's manual is designed to assist workshop trainees (regular and special educators) in improving their skills and competencies through identification, methods, and remediation principles to modify and adapt curricular offerings to meet the behavioral needs of handicapped children, with emphasis in serving these children in the regular…

Behavior modification and behavior therapy techniques with institutionalized and community elderly are powerful approaches which effect changes in behavior quickly and dramatically, and are particularly useful because they involve total staff or family members in their implementation. Unlike psychotropic medications, behavioral approaches do not…

One of a series of materials developed by Project APT (Administrators, Parents, and Teachers/Assessment, Programing, and Training), a program designed to foster home/school coordination in educational planning and program implementation for severely mentally retarded and/or multiply handicapped students; the booklet focuses on techniques for…

The study examined the effectiveness of teaching self-management of classroom on-task behavior to four mentally retarded/emotionally disturbed children (6-9 years old). Also explored were the effects of procedures on disruptive behavior, task performance, and task accuracy. Following baseline, a standard token program was instituted. After…

This speech describes a process through which counselors can show themselves to be accountable. This social-learning-systems approach integrates both the counseling process and the counseling outcome factors into a continuour system of input, process, outcome, and feedback geared toward behavior change. The social-learning approach is divided into…

This study assesses the effectiveness of a group counseling treatment on the classroom behaviors and on the manifest anxiety levels of elementary school student teachers. The subjects were 44 volunteer student teachers, randomly assigned to three groups: 1) an experimental counseling group, 2) a Hawthorne seminar control group, and 3) a control…

In part one of this two-part paper, skills which distress couples need in order to more effectively solve their marital problems were enumerated. In this section, the technology for helping couples to learn to solve problems more effectively is discussed. (Author)

Increasingly, practitioners in the helping professions are altering traditional behavior modification techniques through the use of an educational model. The author believes that by doing so, a more humanistic approach to behavior modification is achieved. (Author)

After participating in a public speaking situation that allowed collection of self-report, physiological, and behavioral manifestations of anxiety, 67 subjects were randomly assigned to either desensitization, "T scope" therapy, or no treatment. Desensitization reduced public speaking anxiety in both contexts, whereas the placebo was effective…

The article describes the Behavior Management Level System (BMLS), a model program for emotionally disturbed adolescents combining a token economy approach with a hierarchial system of levels which provides an objective standard for graduation from the system. Points are accumulated as immediate reinforcers and traded for tangible or social…

Discusses a study to evaluate the impact of a training program in mainstreaming on student-teacher classroom management styles and mainstreamed pupil behavior. Reveals that mainstreamed pupils in control classrooms displayed significantly less appropriate learning behaviors than did their experimental classroom peers. (RAE)

Time-out as a method of managing pupil behavior is explained. A definition and historical and philosophical perspectives are offered. The method has been used in Victoria (Australia), the United States, and Great Britain. Also considered are legal responsibilities, a time-out continuum, implementation, positive aspects of time out, and abuse and…

A device used to prevent drivers from falling asleep dramatically reduced stereotypic rocking in a 21-year-old blind student in a residential school. His rocking had been a chief obstacle to employment and acceptance into mainstream society. Follow-up data indicated maintenance of the low level of rocking and positive social changes. (Author/VW)

The effects of a combined neuromotor/behavioral approach using a microcomputer mediated teaching system on the acquisition of basic motor skills by two young children (17- and 24-months-old) with severe and multiple disabilities were examined. Increased frequency and duration of target behaviors in both training and generalizing settings were…