Randomly assigned 202 overweight men and women to no treatment, standard behavioral treatment (SBT), SBT plus food provision, SBT plus incentives, or SBT plus food provision and incentives. Found that food provision significantly enhanced weight loss. Food provision also enhanced attendance, completion of food records, quality of diet, and…

Reviews challenges associated with behavioral training approaches for individuals with mental retardation and mental illness in the community. Considers both family and nonfamily facilitated training. Reviews professional practice issues and offers justification for multifactoral behavioral assessment. Discusses future research directions.…

Tested hypothesis that cognitive-behavioral mood management intervention would be effective for smokers with history of major depressive disorder (MDD). Findings from 149 smokers, 31% of whom had history of MDD, revealed that history-positive subjects were more likely to be abstinent when treated with mood management; treatment condition…

Proposes a minimal set of principles based on short-term and long-term memory mechanisms that can explain the major static and dynamic properties of operant behavior in both single-choice and multiresponse situations. The model predicts the major qualitative features of operant phenomena and suggests an experimental test of theoretical predictions…

Reviews research demonstrating the variable effects of childhood sexual abuse, need for intervention, and effectiveness of available treatment. Proposes extending and modifying treatment from mainstream clinical child psychology to sexually abused children. Interventions range from psychoeducation and screening, to short-term, abuse-focused…

This article on the use of applied behavior analysis with students who have autism focuses on selected recently developed stimulus control techniques. These include new methods for teaching conditional discrimination (matching) skills, stimulus equivalence procedures, prompt and prompt-fading techniques, and incidental teaching procedures.…

There are many phenomenological benefits for students engaged in business simulation; a primary benefit is that the student has the opportunity to modify behavior in a realistic setting. Benefits may also be noted in the cognitive domain, and new skills can be transferred to the workplace. (Author/JOW)

Describes a program, "Writing for Our Lives," designed to address such goals as shifting offenders' self-identity from procriminal to prosocial, teaching creative problem-solving and consequential thinking skills, enhancing social perspective skills, and providing links to prosocial community activities. (JOW)

Analyzes historical and contemporary theories of reinforcement and clinical application of reinforcement principles to behavior and modification therapy. Presents a behavioral momentum model that studies the allocation of behavior under changed environmental constraints and discusses the implications of this model on behavior modification and…

Traces the history of psychological therapies, including behavior therapy and humanistic therapies that challenged the initially dominant psychoanalytic model. Examines the development of the United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy and the British Confederation of Psychotherapists, as well as other developments, such as psychotherapeutic studies…

Intentionality is a vital element in professional counseling. This article provides evidence that by reframing general internal cognitions into clearly stated internal dialogue, individuals are in a better position to reach their goals and are more likely to do so. (Contains 15 references.) (Author)

This paper offers a case study of the origins, emergence, and evolution of the term "cumulative record" as the name for the means by which B. F. Skinner brought his behavior under the control of his subject matter. Our methods included on-line searches, reviews of Skinner's publications, and journal codings and counts. The results reveal that the…

After going through Assertive Discipline training, a student teacher entered her new first-grade class. The mentor classroom teacher did not use Assertive Discipline, but gave permission for the student teacher to use this management system. After teaching students her rules, rewards, and negative consequences--and appropriately implementing…

Current recommendations for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) call for a multimodal approach including a combination of medication, behavior modification, school accommodations, and ancillary services. One method that has been proposed as an effective and efficient means for increasing students' attention and…

Recently, considerable attention has been given to the cognitive processes entailed in mourning. There has been a growing understanding that the death of a loved one forces individuals to restructure and rebuild previously held assumptions about the self and the world. On the basis of this conceptualization of grief as a period of meaning…