Three common approaches used by school counselors, administrative/managerial, client-centered, and behavioral, are described. It is concluded that counselors' development and revision of their own counseling theory facilitates counselors' continuing professional growth. (CJ)

Examined relationships between value dimensions and attitudes toward therapy with a sample of 65 college students who chose which counseling method they thought would be most helpful. Results showed attitudes toward the behavioral and rational-emotive approaches were related to values to a small degree. (JAC)

The perspective of the child as an active problem solver is promoted. Three theoretical orientations consistent with this perspective are presented, and the value of conceptualizing treatment change in the context of developmental change is stressed. (Author/GK)

From the research literature, the authors draw specific guidelines for the high school teacher on creating a productive classroom environment and preventing discipline problems. Four approaches to behavior management (modification) are also outlined. (SJL)

The problem-solving process within counseling was analyzed by extending a problem-solving model proposed by D'Zurilla and Goldfried. The counseling process is a problem-solving event, a perspective that may lead researchers into new research problems and greater specificity. Research from psychological, industrial, and counseling fields delineated…

Investigated the effectiveness of coping strategies in undergraduate females reporting fear of flying. Self-reports of anxiety were obtained before takeoff, during flight, and after landing. Under serious threat with the cockpit door open, self-talk and combined subjects coped better. With the door closed, all groups increased in anxiety.…

In 1965 revolutionary counseling development tailored specific behavioral goals with clients and tested innovative procedures to help clients learn how to achieve their goals. Since then an experimental self-correcting approach helps clients overcome problems. Future counseling will emphasize prevention, internal control, and better balance among…

Cubberley Conference at Stanford University was first major attempt to propose application of behavioral principles to counseling process. Evolution of one of these strategies, social modeling, and how this strategy fostered development of more specific observational learning techniques, such as self-observation and self-modeling, are discussed.…

Examined reduction of noise levels in an elementary school lunchroom as a function of feedback. Results indicate that feedback plus reinforcement was effective in reducing noise levels. Feedback only was also effective, but to a lesser degree. No relationship existed between noise level and other behaviors. (Author/BEF)

An experimental group of three institutionalized severely retarded adult males received binary tone feedback for alpha production while a control group (3) followed identical procedures without feedback. Analysis revealed significant difference between groups in alpha percentage increase over baseline, encouraging research on applications for…

A word level behavioral routine for the remediation of distinctive feature errors was developed for resolving some current theoretical criticisms of minimal pair therapy and used with seven children (5 and 6 years old) with moderate to severe nonorganic phonological disabilities. (Author)

Tested a response cost procedure, compared with Ritalin treatment, on hyperactive elementary school children to determine effectiveness in reducing hyperactive behavior and in increasing academic performance. The cost program alone and combined with medication were effective in reducing off-task behavior and in increasing academic performance.…

The author attempts to clarify the difference between punishment and negative reinforcement and suggests that negative reinforcement should be used only as a last resort as a disciplinary tool. (KC)

Following trials in which children self-administered prizes, subjects in the stringent-demand group performed significantly better, during both the incentive and the extinction conditions, on time at task, number of correct problems, and number of problems attempted, than did subjects in lenient-demand and control groups. (Author/CP)

Pleasant imagery relieves pain and may account for much of the effectiveness of stress inoculation training. Women who used imagery controlled their pain better; women who did not use imagery had longer tolerance when they heard pain conceptualized as a multistage process. Self-instruction did not affect pain control. (Author)