Education in the United States for most of the last 50 years has built its knowledge base on a single dominating foundation--behavioral psychology. This paper analyzes the history of behaviorism. Syntheses are presented of the theories of Ivan P. Pavlov, J. B. Watson, and B. F. Skinner, all of whom contributed to the body of works on behaviorism.…

Intended for parents of handicapped preschool children, the booklet suggests ways parents can stimulate the development of their children through activities that occur naturally in the home setting. An initial section provides behavior management guidelines such as using success, encouragement, and praise to develop the child's enjoyment of…

This paper discusses paradoxical interventions, considering some of the structural variations among paradoxical techniques found in the treatment literature and in general, and highlighting clinical and ethical issues that are pertinent to the application of paradoxical techniques. The structuring of the theraputic paradox is discussed including…

The paper provides an overview of a data based physical education program for the severely handicapped which has been developed at Oregon State University's Department of Physical Education in cooperation with the Special Education Department of Teaching Research. Concepts which form the basis of the model include that there is no way of…

Oxendine (1970) hypothesized that the arousal-performance relationship varies across tasks, such that gross motor activities will require high arousal for optimal performance while fine motor activities will be facilitated by low arousal, but adversely affected by high arousal. Although the effects of preparatory arousal on strength performance…

Overtime pay was used to encourage staff personnel of a state institution to carry out an intensive around-the-clock program to reduce the self injurious behaviors of a severely retarded and deaf adult. Contingent use of restraints, in conjunction with an intensive program of differential reinforcement of other behavior and differential…

The manual provides an overview of issues associated with policies and practices in behavior management techniques. Legal, ethical, and programmatic issues are addressed in the first chapter which reviews pertinent court cases and focuses on the implications of punishment for behavior change. Section 2 contains suggestions for developing,…

This article presents a way of using John Holland's Self-Directed Search as an illustration of how such an inventory can be employed dynamically within a developmental career counseling framework. Use is discussed in terms of environmental exploration, self-exploration, and integration of information. (Author)

If the term "behavioral" is applied to all theorists who adhere to the canons of science, people like Carl Rogers and Hans Strupp will have to be dubbed "behavior therapists." Important findings, significant differences, and crucial hypotheses are entirely overlooked if scientific data provided by "nonbehavioral" researchers are ignored. (Author)

Depression is an emotional dysfunction encountered daily by counselors. This author discusses a step by step behavioral paradigm developed specifically to be employed with moderately depressed persons not receiving sufficient positive reinforcement from their environment. (Author/MPJ)

In a response to Albert Ellis' feature article, the author calls the article "disappointing" and points out several inconsistancies. (HMV)

In a response to Albert Ellis' feature article, the author agrees with Ellis but feels that less time should be spent proving which counseling method is better than the next, and more time spent in comparative research as per clients' gains. (HMV)

The college health professional has a significant role to play with regard to alcohol use and the college student, including an understanding of biomedical, psychological, and social factors, and should provide health education, individual counseling, and treatment for those students who risk becoming alcoholics. (JD)

Describes the involvement of behavioral scientists in agricultural development programs and sketches the contributions behavioral scientists are expected to make to agricultural development in the future. (SL)

Describes a study examining whether a graduate level human relations training course offered at the Pulsaki County School System (Virginia) influenced teachers' verbal classroom interaction and whether such behavior changes could lead to a change in students' self-concept. The course was found to affect both teachers and students positively. (MLH)