This literature review focuses on the problem of lack of student motivation to learn. The purposes of this review are described as an exploration of factors that influence classroom motivation and suggestions of strategies for promoting students' desire to learn. Annotations are provided in these areas: student/teacher interaction and classroom…

The Youth Leadership Program (YLP) has been in operation in schools throughout Albuquerque and the State of New Mexico for four years. Students selected for the program represented two groups: high risk, or negative, leaders; and positive leaders. The program established situations in which pupils from both groups could work together in individual…

This handbook is intended to illustrate to students that they are not alone in their fear of tests and to help students reduce their own test anxiety. The handbook is a compilation of writings contributed by students who attended an adult basic education (ABE) program to prepare teenage and adult students to take the General Educational…

The paper presents case studies showing results of an interdisciplinary (I-Team) approach to behavior problems of five retarded residents of a group home. Stressed are the concepts of preparedness and prevention to individual case analysis and active treatment approaches. Individual case studies describe the I-Team's approach with such behaviors…

This paper reviews both the content and the methodological issues involved in the small but growing number of empirical studies on the use of Direct Instruction programs and teaching procedures with special populations. The research reviewed includes experimental and quasi-experimental work, summative evaluations of entire programs, and…

The manual is designed to help teachers develop effective and efficient individual educational plans for severely handicapped children. Initial sections explain the four major parts of educational programing (short- and long-term objectives, an instructional plan, and a means of monitoring progress) and the importance of a problem-oriented system.…

Arguments against the use of corporal punishment in schools are presented in the three publications collected here. "The Influence of Corporal Punishment on Learning: A Statistical Study," by Adah Maurer and James S. Wallerstein, examines the relationship between rates of corporal punishment use and noncompletion of high school in the 50 states.…

The paper describes the population served by the Dearborn Pre-Vocational Unit of the Schools for Children (Cambridge, Massachusetts) and discusses the Unit's major program components for meeting student needs. The needs of the behavior disordered/learning disabled adolescent population include basic academic skills, improved self image,…

Sixteen papers concerned with vocational habilitation of the severely and profoundly retarded are organized into three parts: issues in habilitation, stimulus control of vocational behavior, and instrumentation for program evaluation. Papers have the following titles and authors: "Structured Employment: Productivity and Productive Capacity" (R.…

The role of the teacher is viewed as that of a decision maker and problem solver. It is pointed out that in daily work teachers must deal not only with planning lessons, selecting educational materials, initiating activities suitable for students of different abilities and motivating students, but also must deal with discipline, parent-school…

Commitment is a self-control technique to induce weight loss. Tow targets of commitment contingencies, completion of the study and behavior change, were examined among 42 female and 3 male subjects who made a monetary deposit to enroll in the 10-week program. The treatment consisted of self-monitoring of eating and exercise behavior. Subjects were…

Depression has been one of the last categories of psychopathology to be seriously investigated. A self-control behavior therapy program for depression was evaluated against a therapist-control behavior therapy program in an attempt to isolate the effects of control on alleviation of depression and to improve research designs. Clinically depressed…

The Prescriptive Counselor Model, as proposed for the elementary school, focuses on changing specific student behaviors through a particular prescription of materials, activities, and suggestions for teachers, parents, and the child himself. The theoretical emphasis is on dealing with behaviors by observing, conferring, setting goals, developing…

Prompting, positive and negative reinforcement, and a gradually extended reinforcement schedule were used with three autistic clients (two six-year-olds and one adolescent) to teach them to maintain on-task behaviors without constant supervision. Results indicated that appropriate behavior could be successfully maintained with only infrequent and…

This article compares approaches to teaching children with special learning needs, especially those with severe multiple disabilities. It suggests that behavioral methods result in undesirable instructor control of learning and compares these methods with approaches of effective teachers which encourage student initiative and pupil control.…