This literature review contrasts those studies that emphasize changes in knowledge or behavior to prevent childhood injuries with studies that report actual reductions in injuries. The most successful programs are those based on social learning principles and those that combine education with legislative change or modifications in regulations. (VM)

Explored cognitive-behavioral interventions with families in which child abuse had been committed or parents were at risk for such behavior, to alleviate parental anger in the face of perceived provocation by children. Used cognitive restructuring, relaxation training, problem solving, and composite of the three techniques. Anger measures were…

This literature review focuses on behavioral intervention strategies for the reduction of school-related fears and anxieties. Major behavior therapy procedures are discussed: systematic desensitization and its variations, modeling, self-control, and cognitive behavioral approaches. General research trends in fear and anxiety reduction are also…

The article describes components of school-based programs that have demonstrated efficacy in treatment of depressed children and adolescents. Components include self-monitoring, activity scheduling, cognitive restructuring, attribution retraining, self-evaluation training, self-reinforcement training, and relaxation training. Results of studies…

Suggests that the difference between the pre- and post-actual SDA (smoking, drug, alcohol) behavior of experimental and control groups be used as a major criterion for short-term effectiveness evaluation of SDA preventive education programs aimed at high school adolescents. Results and data analysis of a case study support this methodology.…

Investigated the effectiveness of verbal self-instruction (VSI) in increasing reflectivity in eight impulsive learning disabled children. Results showed the children trained with VSI showed reductions in impulsivity on the Matching Familiar Figures Test, but not in ratings by regular classroom teachers. (JAC)

Walker School cares for and eductes boys 6 to 13 years old away from home in group living facilities. Discussed are its history and philosophy of service, its pattern of growth, and important facets of the education program, including involvement of the child in the community. (JH)

Describes this caring/teaching facility serving 61 emotionally disturbed boys (35 residents, 26 day students) between the ages of 6 and 13. Major components of the program are discussed: life space, special education, and individual and family work. (JH)

Although in-depth, long-term group psychotherapy is a beneficial therapeutic experience for adolescent females suffering from anorexia nervosa, these clients are notoriously resistant to treatment and to long-term, open-ended group settings. This dissidence may stem from a motivational deficiency toward changing their eating patterns and…

This TIP, on the best practice guidelines for treatment of substance use disorders, was compiled from an increasing body of research literature that documents the effectiveness of brief interventions and therapies in both the mental health and substance abuse treatment fields. It links research to practice by providing counselors with up-to-date…

This research study is designed to determine (1) to what extent educationally low achieving inmates differ in their cognitive performance from high achieving inmates, and (2) if such differences exist, to what extent can the level of cognitive performance in the former group be modified in a positive direction by a specific learning experience.…

Evaluated a program for strengthening promptness and initiative behaviors with three educable, mentally retarded adolescents. The program consisted of: instructions on responses desired and their importance; self-evaluation procedure; and consequences of successful performance with social praise from the classroom teacher. Results supported the…

Describes and evaluates a multifaceted behavioral treatment program designed to increase academic performance (grades). Assigned high school students to one of four groups. Mathematics, French, and general point average were assessed four times during the academic year. Results showed behavioral intervention was efficient on the three measures…

Proposes that the U.S. school system purports to prize human variability, but many educators are engaged in activities that seek to homogenize students. Describes these activities, including diagnosis, labeling, ability grouping, and positive reinforcement. Presents suggestions for counselors to combat sources of cloning and self-validation. (RC)

A study of 520 prospective and practicing teachers indicated that many showed no strong orientation or affiliation in their personal educational beliefs and that those who did were attracted mainly to behaviourism or romanticism. Many considered current educational practice as either control-oriented or affiliated with behaviourism. (CM)