Racial inequities in higher education and the labor market have led to disparate outcomes in student loan borrowing and repayment by race, with Black borrowers holding more student debt and being more likely to default on it compared with white borrowers. Student loan default, which helps perpetuate the racial wealth gap by disproportionately…

Monitoring the Future (MTF) is an ongoing research program conducted at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research under a series of investigator-initiated research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse beginning in 1975. The integrated MTF study includes annual surveys of nationally-representative samples of 8th, 10th,…

As the body of research on school violence grows, so does the understanding of the features, causes, and consequences of student victimization (Chouhy, Madero-Hernande, and Turanovic 2017). Among students who experience victimization, lower academic performance can become an issue particularly for adolescents who avoid or skip school following the…

The student climate survey provides the opportunity to monitor students' opinions regarding topics such as behavioral environment, adult fairness & respect, student academic self-confidence, teacher expectations, student engagement, school connectedness and SEL skills.

The student climate survey provides campuses with the opportunity to monitor students' opinions regarding topics such as behavioral environment, adult fairness & respect, student academic self confidence, teacher expectations, and student engagement. This report summarizes district results from 2010-2011 through 2012-2013.

Presents data on current adoption seeking in summary fashion and confines analyses to likelihood of ever having sought to adopt using national survey data from 8,450 women. Analysis on ever having sought adoption indicated that adoption seeking is primarily a function of desire for children coupled with inability or difficulty in having them.…

This report presents estimates of the distributions of selected behavioral patterns of children 6-11 years of age in the noninstitutional population of the United States by age and sex. Findings are based on parents' ratings on a self-administered and a trained interviewer-administered medical history of children, which were examined in the Health…

Investigates gender differences in smoking behavior by observing 292 men and 648 women smoking in a university workplace. Finds that men take longer breaks, smoke more cigarettes, and inhale more often than women. (MW)

To assess effective school leadership behavior and enhance staff development programs, the DeKalb County, Georgia, School District developed the Profile for Assessment of Leaders (PAL), which contains eight generic competency areas and uses low-inference data obtained by supervisors, subordinates, and administrators being evaluated. Preliminary…

Estimates schooling's effect on the odds that men and women smoke for five age cohorts, using 1989 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services data. Schooling reduces the odds that men (ages 25 to 54) and women (ages 25 to 44) smoke. Schooling does not affect whether men (ages 55 to 64) or women (ages 45 to 64) smoke. (MLH)

Six major studies are cited in review of the literature comparing status and delinquent offenders, yielding findings which support a policy of moderation in decision making about differential treatment of these two types of juvenile offenders. Four of the studies on status offenders which indicate that recidivism rates may vary in proportion to…

Most studies dealing with the impact of September 11, 2001 events are limited by reliance on recall of individuals about their behaviors before and after the events. To understand the consequences of significant, unexpected events, it is useful to have baseline information for the purpose of comparison. This report examines the potential effects…

The short-term (45-day) stability of the Adjustment Scales for Children and Adolescents (P. McDermott, N. Marston, and D. Stott, 1993) was studied with 51 first and fifth graders, seven of whom were classified as "exceptional/disabled." Significant test-retest reliability coefficients were obtained, and mean differences from test to…

A recent national survey of sexual behavior in the United States, whose initial funding was controversial, reveals few surprising results. It reveals information about homosexuality, sexual abuse, how couples first meet, and how individuals' sexual choices are constrained by the social networks in which they operate. (MSE)

One attributional model of achievement proposes that individuals attribute their own and others' performance outcomes to one or more of four causes, i.e., ability, effort, task difficulty, and luck, and that such attributions have motivational significance for subsequent achievement-related behavior. The effects of gender, level of resultant…