Examined the nature of possession and ownership in a developmental and cross-cultural context. Of particular importance to all ages and cultural groups were the two dimensions of effectance and control of possessions and positive affect for possessions. (Author)

The study was designed to assess the relationships between certain expressions of anxiety and preferences for defense mechanisms. (Author)

To investigate effects of pain cues on behavior, responses of high and low aggressive boys were followed either by pain cues or by nonpain cues. Overall, pain cues facilitated the rate of responding more than nonpain cues. More responses were made by high aggressive boys than by low aggressive boys. (Author)

Two groups of paid female students were employed in a modified Aronson and Carlsmith (1962) expectancy-performance design. Overall results did not support predictions derived from dissonance theory. (Author)

Procedures used in empathy-helping studies suggest results may be due to demand characteristics. Two studies were run to investigate especially the mood induction process. One reproduced the Aderman-Berkowitz main mood effects. Another showed that after seeing a help-non-help incident, mood effects were demonstrated only when Ss knew the research…

A voting behavior model hypothesizing voting intention as an intervening variable which mediates the relationship between voter attitudes and voting behavior was examined in the framework of the general election in Israel. Voter attitudes were assessed via a new attitude scaling device. The model was tested primarily via discriminant analysis.…

Subjects (N=82) were given either veridical or false feedback concerning their level of intimacy one week after a short structured interaction with another. Results indicated that feedback had a greater effect on the reported degree of liking for the other and the disclosure level. (Author/RC)

Assessed effects of an individual's temporal pattern of success on attributions of responsibility for winning or losing simulated free throw contests. The player on a winning team who scored at the end was judged responsible for the outcome. (Author/BEF)

This study examined the relationship between the severity of negative consequences of a blameworthy behavior and attribution of responsibility for that behavior. (Author)

Children (N=64) in a fourth-grade class were given 20 tokens for drawing a picture and then had the option of donating any or all of the tokens to either "needy children" or for "a class prize." Sharing with needy children was positively correlated with self-esteem. (Author)

Basketball experts (N=28) responded to "rule- and norm-related behavior" questionnaire, assessing crisis relevance of behaviors which were against rules of situation and were either fair or unfair, called or not called by officials. Results revealed that officials' calls and fairness of violations substantially influenced diagnostic…

Provides brief historical account of three stages in development of theoretical framework which has guided research on defensive effects of motives on person perception, then proposes revised interactive model as fourth stage of conceptualization. New model suggests that defensive effects of motives on person perception are most likely to occur in…

Male and female experimenters requested adult shoppers (N=178) to fill out a questionnaire. Refusal data showed shoppers helping other-sex more than same-sex experimenters. Other results showed a significant three-way interaction among helper and helpee sex and sex-typing and situation sex-typing and that helper sex-typing did not have significant…

Adult subjects (N=10) were studied to determine whether inconsistent information about others produces more discrimination of people or leads to alternative ways of categorizing. Pretest-posttest indications indicated inconsistency produced more discrimination of others and alternative ways of categorizing others. (SBP)

In this study, 160 college students were asked to respond to their modes of expressing hostility. Subjects revealed differential modes of expressing hostility. These differences seem to be a function of racial and biological sex characteristics of respondents. Results suggest ways of understanding and dealing with occurrence of hostile acts.…