Behaviourism proposes successful learning to be dependent on the performance of conditioned behaviours that are distinctly observable and objectively measurable. Over the past 100 years, various behaviourist concepts have been superseded by sociocultural and cognitive learning theories, but the entwined areas of assessment in mathematics education…

The author examines three phenomena--the inconclusiveness about the nature of intelligence and how to deal with it, the supplanting of learning theory by behavior modification, and the rise of human technology--and argues that a confluence of ethological theory applied in the human context may provide a coherent theoretical picture of…

Parents and counselors must learn communication techniques which encourage expression of feelings and at the same time indicate adult approval or disapproval of the child's expressed behavior. Children must be helped to discriminate between a disapproving act and the doer". (CJ)

Results suggest that adults may not be able to discover-invent-produce the learning that is necessary to behave more effectively; that they may be unaware of this possibility; and that if they try to get help from well intentioned others, it will tend to make things worse. (Author/AM)

One of the most important capacities which children employ when learning language is the capacity to generalize. A child who hears an utterance of a verbal expression while perceiving a particular object (or action, aspect, etc.) becomes normally able to apply the expression not only to this object but also to all those objects which, for him, are…

This conference report consists of two presented papers and a selected bibliography. The paper by Joan Gussow, "Behavioral Management and Educational Goals," is concerned with operant conditioning as a theory of learning and an instructional method. Basing their methods on the work of B.F. Skinner, educators who are proponents of this…

THE RATIONALE OF A CLINICAL APPROACH TO RESEARCH ON TEACHER BEHAVIOR IS SET FORTH TOGETHER WITH INDICATION OF DIFFICULTIES. IN ONE CLINICAL STUDY, RECORDS OF FOCUSED OBSERVATIONS OF TEACHER BEHAVIOR WERE REVIEWED BY A SPECIALIST IN LEARNING AND A SPECIALIST IN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY IN RELATION TO RESEARCH FROM THESE FIELDS. TEACHER DECISIONS PROVED…

The expanded socio-psychophysiological model (SPPM) appears to provide a meaningful paradigm for explaining the psycho-psysiological effects of Social Reinforcement Systems (SRS). This model may be used to assist individuals, and the society, to become more aware of the effects that social practices have on the immediate and long-term actions of…

This dissertation examines the thesis that it is the human language system which largely makes possible the human capacity for modifiability of responses called "intelligent" and "adaptive" modes of interaction with the environment. Chapter titles are (1) A Process View of Human Behavior, (2) Aspects of the Multi-Dimensional Nature of Cognitive…