Homosexual adults tend to be more gender nonconforming than heterosexual adults in some of their behaviors, feelings, and interests. Retrospective studies have also shown large differences in childhood gender nonconformity, but these studies have been criticized for possible memory biases. The authors studied an indicator of childhood gender…

The goal of this study was to examine the links among attachment, child temperament, and the quality and frequency of mother-toddler conflict. Sixty-four mothers and children took part in a series of laboratory tasks when the child was 30 months of age and an audio-recorded home observation when the child was 36 months of age. All episodes of…

The behaviours of infants were observed using home videos, in an attempt to identify social difficulties characteristic of infants with autistic disorder. Three groups of infants were analysed: 15 infants who had later been diagnosed with autism, 15 infants who had a developmental or language delay, and 15 typically developing infants. Social…

Background: The talk of persons with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) often features distinctive forms of repetition (echophenomena). Although often characterized as meaningless or inappropriate, there is evidence that such practices can sometimes have communicative functions. Aims: To investigate the interactional organization of repetition…

This study examined the effects of educational messages provided by a student with autism on middle school students' cognitive and conative attitudes. Students (N = 233; M age = 13.07 years) viewed a videotape of an unfamiliar student exhibiting autism-like behaviors and received one of four messages provided by the student via a written pamphlet.…

The facial stereotypies of adults diagnosed as having mental retardation and tardive dyskinesia were examined through a kinematic analysis of videotaped lip and tongue movements. The high degree of movement variability found suggests that low variability of discrete properties of movement kinematics may not be a defining feature of stereotypies.…

This study examined the sexual messages depicted in music videos aired on MTV, MTV2, BET, and GAC from August 2, 2004 to August 15, 2004. One-hour segments of music videos were taped daily for two weeks. Depictions of sexual attire and sexual behavior were analyzed via a four-page coding sheet (interrater-reliability = 0.93). Results indicated…

A concealed video camera can record learning disabled students' behavior and provide a nonjudgmental way for them to see how they appear to others. Such an approach can include a positive emphasis on redirecting energy as well. (CL)

Three experiments examined the influence of videotaped classroom events on the classroom performance and study behavior of groups of 17 reading disabled and 17 normally reading elementary school children (ages 7 to 12). In the first two experiments the presentation was experimenter controlled, and the distractors resulted in poorer performance in…

An empirically based strategy for creating videotaped peer social models is presented along with a description of four tapes found effective in stimulating career exploratory behavior among male adolescents. (Author)

The scale developed in this study did not differentiate empathic regard; however, the use of videotape and insights provided through recall sessions made possible the creation of an instrument and instructions for its use which came closer to a congruence of theoretical and operational definition than before. (Author)

Analysis of videotapes of over 100 tutorial sessions of remedial language training with learning-disabled adolescents resulted in identifying common factors which significantly affected student learning: the structure of the setting, the use of routinized procedures, and manner/approach of tutors. Patterns of student behavior were also identified.…

Self-injurious behavior was examined in a case study of head-banging by an 8-year-old girl with profound mental retardation and an autistic disorder. Trajectories of arm movements and impact forces were determined from dynamic analysis of videotapes. Cycle-to-cycle consistency in the qualitative dynamics of the limb motions and impact forces…

To investigate the development of symbolic play, 18 Japanese normal boys and girls were individually tested once every even-numbered month from when they were 12 to 24 months of age. Symbolic play was generally defined as behavior which represents actual or imagined experience by using objects, gesture or language alone or in combination. The…