Focuses on the early years of marriage, including the sexual relationship. Interviews, with 80 persons married five years or less, showed considerable variation in first-year frequencies with few normative guidelines. Despite the relatively low frequencies reported, respondents consider sex important or very important in marriage. (Author/JAC)

The effects of contingent reinforcement under conditions of self-determined and externally determined standards were studied in two fifth-grade language art classes (N=64 students). Contingent reinforcement with externally determined standards produced an increase over reinforcement with self-determined standards. Experience with external…

Hypothesized that stability of a friendly dyadic interpersonal relationship varies with similarity of perceived views of problems of lasting concern. Students (N=76) at the Indian Institute of Technology completed a three-part questionnaire about friendly relationships, Individual Problem Blank, and Problem Checklist. Results supported the…

Examined the relationship between personality traits and impairment experiences of 80 males who completed the California Psychological Inventory and an impairment scale. Results showed significant differences between the personality scores of impaired and unimpaired problem drinkers, suggesting that impairment aspects differ both in nature and…

Examined attitudes of probation officers to determine how these attitudes correlated with decisions to recommend sentences of incarceration or probation for hypothetical defendants described in six case studies. Used Fishbein's theoretical model for the prediction of behavioral intentions to examine this relationship. Implications and suggestions…

Results indicated that, despite SES group variation in level of performance, improvement (when it occurred) was evident for both high and low SES groups of children referred for classroom problems. (Author/SW)

The clinical implication of the study is that the beneficial effects of stimulant drug intervention occur within the first months after initiation of therapy. Long-term treatment does not appear to be of value in producing better outcome. (Author)

Investigated the adequacy of the Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (RAS) as a global measure of assertiveness. Analysis indicated that the RAS does not provide a unidimensional index of assertiveness, but rather measures a number of factors including situation-specific assertive behavior, aggressiveness, and a more general assertiveness. (Author)

Describes a method of determining major counseling strategies with the TFA/Matrix system. A taxonomy describes individual patterns of thinking, feeling, acting, and behavior. Descriptions are integrated into four counseling steps. The system synthesizes all counseling data and ranks and sequences major strategies likely to assist the client's…

Examined sex and situational factors of subject role, type of feeling, and sex of best friend in relation to affective self-disclosure and self-reported anxiety of undergraduates. Interactions revealed affective self-disclosure is sex-linked and situation specific, with females initiating positive feelings to same-sex best friends being most…

Studied males initially angered or not angered by an experimental accomplice. Later shocks were administered to the same accomplice. Subjects were told the shocks would interfere with learning and cause pain or were given no information. Results show angered men receiving hurt instructions and high-victim-pain feedback were most aggressive.…

The training program described is designed to help youth sports coaches relate more effectively to their players. (JD)

A role theoretical model for understanding changes in health and illness behaviors among college students is described. Behavior changes are related to the expectations of others in the college setting. (JMF)

Negative affect and negative affect reciprocity appear to be robust properties of marital interaction, and they also have been found to discriminate satisfied from dissatisfied marriages. There is more evidence of consistency across tasks using sequential rather than nonsequential variables. (Author)

This article focuses on the mechanisms of the human brain which bring about body movements. Included is a discussion of the way in which the brain and spinal cord issue commands and receive signals. (Author/SA)