Effective birth control is needed to combat adolescent pregnancy which is a major health and social problem, the adverse consequences of which have been well-documented along a variety of dimensions. A significant obstacle to the provision of birth control services to teenagers is the belief that such services will encourage adolescent coital…

Self-derogation relates significantly to the severity of psychopathology regardless of how it is measured. This study examined 152 patients and ex-patients from two community mental health catchment areas two years after their first admission, as well as 97 outpatients beginning therapy. Included were indices of diagnostic severity; overall…

Three term analysis (a format for viewing a student in relation to other people and to the physical environment) is proposed as a way of providing teachers (including those of the handicapped) with a vehicle for viewing all behavior and recording all aspects of the planning process. S. Sapon's behavioral formulations are presented followed by a…

To determine whether public relations messages generated from three different corporate social responsibility philosophies would have different effects on attitudes and behavioral intentions toward a corporation, 147 college students participated in an experiment. The three social responsibility philosophies were defined as: a "profit" concept,…

The existence of extrasensory perception (ESP) among volunteer college students was investigated in numerous studies, under hypnotic and non-hypnotic conditions. Study results indicate that: (1) some types of suggestions administered in a hypnotic context appear to facilitate extrasensory perception; (2) strong ESP suggestions administered without…

Experimental studies indicate that the primary determinant of changes in sexual and aggressive behavior following alcohol consumption is expectancy. Multiple regression analyses were performed on the responses of 100 college students to an alcohol-expectancy questionnaire to determine how expectations for sexual and aggressive behavior following…

Hirschi's social control theory of delinquency status that delinquency involvement is the function of the failure of an adolescent to form or maintain a bond to society comprised of attachment, commitment, involvement and belief. In the past decade Hirschi and other researchers have found substantial support for this original thesis using tabular…

EFFORTS WERE MADE TO DISCOVER THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SUPERINTENDENTS, PRINCIPALS, AND TEACHERS. MAJOR AREAS OF INVESTIGATION CONCERNED THE ROLE OF THE PRINCIPAL AND HIS FULFILLMENT OF THAT ROLE. THE STUDY WAS TO PROVIDE A BASIS FOR FURTHER RESEARCH IN THESE AREAS. THE ROLE OF THE PRINCIPAL CONCERNED THE TASKS OF SELECTION OF CURRICULUM,…

MANY OF THE REPORTED BEHAVIORAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN FAMILIAL RETARDATES AND NORMAL CHILDREN OF THE SAME MOTOR ABILITY ARE PRODUCTS OF A VARIETY OF DIFFERENCES IN MOTIVATION RATHER THAN PERMANENT EFFECTS OF MENTAL RETARDATION ITSELF. MANY RESEARCHERS, HOWEVER, HAVE TAKEN THE POSITION THAT MENTAL RETARDATES ARE INHERENTLY "DIFFERENT." THIS…

ACCORDING TO SOCIAL SCIENTISTS AND BIOLOGISTS, ALL RACES ARE EQUAL IN ABILITY, NEVERTHELESS, RACIAL DISCRIMINATION EXISTS WHEN THE CULTURE OF A SOCIETY ALLOWS PEOPLE TO EXPRESS THEIR AGRESSIONS IN A SOCIALLY ACCEPTABLE WAY. ONE WAY TO DEFINE GROUP BOUNDARIES IS TO SINGLE OUT A CHARACTERISTIC OF A MINORITY GROUP AND TO INSTITUTIONALIZE THIS…

A study was conducted concerning television program decision-making based on a theory of human information processing. Twenty-eight programers from 13 markets completed experimental simulations of television programing decisions. Important steps in the procedure were determined to be evaluation, search for alternatives, and selection of…

Self-efficacy theory maintains that self-efficacy expectancy, a belief about one's ability to perform a behavior successfully, is independent of outcome expectancy, a belief about the likelihood of the behavior leading to a specific outcome. To examine this hypothesis, subjects (N=95) read communications that differed in descriptions of the…

One hundred and seventy right-handed children from kindergarten through grade 2 were asked to copy 26 upper and 26 lower case letters and the numbers 1-9 shown at one time on slide projections. The resulting stroke patterns which were observed, supported predictions derived from the starting, progression, and horizontal rules expressed in the…

One attributional model of achievement proposes that individuals attribute their own and others' performance outcomes to one or more of four causes, i.e., ability, effort, task difficulty, and luck, and that such attributions have motivational significance for subsequent achievement-related behavior. The effects of gender, level of resultant…

Previous research indicates that social beliefs can act in a self-fulfilling manner, affecting responses to individuals and thereby constraining these individuals to behave in ways that spuriously confirm attitudes about them. The possible role of self-perception, i.e., whether targets of such self-fulfilling prophecies not only alter their…