A survey of published research determined that individual and group reactions to natural disasters differ greatly and depend partially on the predisaster personality. Four models are examined to explain individual and group reactions to natural disasters. A conglomerate model and a possible structure to future disaster research are offered.…

Describes Milgram's experiments in which individuals (assigned the role of "teacher") obeyed instructions to administer what they thought were severe electric shocks to "learners," and reports criticisms of the findings. Concludes that the experiments were sound and that they demonstrate that morality is situation-related…

School officials can use school nurses' sickroom records to improve health and accident prevention programs. (JD)

The relationship between individual attitudes and beliefs and response to health education is examined. (JD)

In attempting to isolate the characteristics of leaders which impede creativity, the author reviews research on the personality traits and behavioral manifestations of leadership, with particular consideration given to environmental, socioeconomic, and situational factors. (SBH)

Colorado State University students responded to a 19-item questionnaire concerning their use of alcoholic beverages. Results indicated a large majority of the students used alcoholic beverages, most students felt that drinking never interfered with their academic work, and alcoholic beverages played an important role in the social aspects of…

Macroanalysis is a technique by which behavior patterns can be identified from any observational data are collected in a manner that preserves the sequence of the individual codes. (MM)

Assesses the effects of both role and behavioral respectability upon subjects' observer and perceived actor attributions. One of two descriptions of the actor's behavioral history (High or Low Behavioral Respectability) and one of three descriptions of his current role position (High, Medium, or Low Role Respectability) were given to each subject…

This study focuses on reported (a) satisfaction in stages of the life cycle; (b) levels of general happiness; and (c) frequency of peak experiences. Subjects were 48 undergraduate students (17 males, 31 females) at Laurentian University, Canada. Results from all three areas in this study accord closely with other relevant published work. (Author)

The Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (which only affects males) is a heritable disorder of the metabolism of uric acid in which behavioral manifestations are prominent and among the most provocative. (Author/SBH)

This followup study used data from a previous study to examine gender differences in risk factors that increase the probability of suicidal behavior among 3,461 students in grades 7 through 12. There were significant gender differences in that more aggressive behaviors increased the likelihood of males reporting suicidal behavior. (SLD)

The impact the father's attitude toward premarital sexual intercourse has on the sexual behavior of the father's adolescent child was studied with approximately 750 inner-city African American youth. Results showed that adolescent perceptions of paternal attitudes were predictive of teen sexual behavior independent of perceptions of maternal…

It is argued that behavior genetics should be part of social policy deliberations because behavior genetics studies can reveal which traits are more influenced by shared environments and thus are most malleable through environmental change. This is of particular interest in the case of IQ. (SLD)

Possible antecedents of toddler gender separation were studied with 57 toddlers with a mean age of 35 months. There were no differences between gender-segregating and nonsegregating children regarding gender toy preferences or gender awareness, but teachers saw gender-segregating girls as more socially sensitive. (SLD)

A search of the literature to differentiate among definitions of physical discipline, corporal punishment, and physical child abuse identified five studies which revealed that abusive parents spanked their children more often than did nonabusive parents. Aggregated data from nonabusive parents suggested a "normal range" of daily spanking…