Focuses on courtroom speech as it occurs when a lay person interacts with an attorney and proposes a framework that includes a (1) macrostructural description of direct and cross-examination sequences as contexts that condition the interaction, and (2) microanalytical model that accounts for the effectiveness of the question-and-answer examination…

Contrasts a fixed-rate presentation list with one in which half the items in a single list were presented at a fast rate and half at a slow rate during paired associative learning with 24 children (aged 8 to 22 years) who were diagnosed with having an attention deficit disorder. (HOD)

In a long-term health intervention campaign, researchers tested the proposition that consistency among people's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors is contingent on high levels of involvement with a given subject. (DF)

Examines verbal interactions of mothers and fathers with their school-age children (9 and 12 years of age) during structured sessions. Mothers, more than fathers, tend to use more problem-solving behaviors with their 9-year-olds than with their 12-year-olds and boys discriminate more than girls in their use of problem-solving behaviors with…

Assessed several behavioral and personality characteristics that have been implicated in studying the onset of bulimia in female college students (N=80) classified into bulimia, binge eating, and control groups. Results indicated that bulimics and binge eaters differed significantly on all but a few variables. (LLL)

Surveyed 134 single mothers and their children to examine sex-role attitudes and sex-stereotyped behavior. Results showed mothers generally held liberal attitudes, varying with education and occupation. Children reflected their mothers' attitudes, but preferred traditional behavior and did sex-stereotyped chores. (JAC)

Investigated the differential effect of two kinds of behavior simulation (role-playing) interventions: spontaneous and mimetic-pretend, on the readiness and the responsibility attributions associated with delivering electric shocks to others (N=25). Results showed that the spontaneous subjects were more ego-oriented and inhibited in administering…

Suggests that the composing process is a kind of mental trip, a development of ideas not merely determined by one's limitations but conditioned, rather, by some ongoing circumstances not easily commandeered by the ego. (HOD)

Based on interviews with university faculty, describes the impact of word processing upon their writing habits. (HOD)

Examined effects of presentation of a peer-in-need stimulus to preschool children in real versus hypothetical contexts, with results indicating a significantly higher incidence of helping behavior in real situations. Nature of helping response as a preoperational reaction to concrete contextual cues is verified. (Author/DST)

Results of this investigation suggest that the greater an individual's cognitive sophistication about conversation, the better his or her performance in, and memory for, social interaction. (Auth/PD)

Cognitive activity of children from 1.5 to 5 years of age participating in problem solving and in spontaneous play was analyzed in terms of the successive coordination of existing patterns and the incorporation of new mental components. Analysis identified a series of developmental levels. (Author/RH)

The assertive acts of 48 toddlers and the responses of peers and teachers were registered. It is argued that the higher response rate recorded for boys' acts informs the child that such behavior will produce an effect in his world, while the lack of response to girls' acts suggest the opposite to girls. (Author/RDN)

An important component of the value of sport is the experiences it provides. A group of adolescents were monitored to observe their reactions to organized sport, informal sport, and physical education class. Degrees of enjoyment and positive experience in these areas are discussed. (Author/DF)

Traditionally marriage in Kwahu (Ghana) was characterized by segregation of conjugal roles and deference behavior on the part of the wife. School pupils, however, are overwhelmingly in favor of more jointness and companionship among partners in marriage. (Author)