Observations and interviews with six young adults having moderate and severe mental disabilities, as well as with their employers, parents, residential service providers, and teachers, were conducted to determine their degree of satisfaction with their jobs in integrated workplaces. Certain consistent behaviors were identified that indicated job…

A research-based model is presented that accounts for major patterns of adaptive and maladaptive behavior in terms of underlying psychological processes. It is postulated that as individuals' self-attributes are translated into allied goals, these goals generate corresponding behavior patterns. (SLD)

Only the Social Withdrawal and Social Competence subscales of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) tapped a Social Competence factor in common with Social Competence subscales from a parent rating scale (Social Skills Rating System) and a scale (Pupil Evaluation Inventory) for teachers. Mothers of 93 boys (aged 7 to 11 years) completed the CBCL.…

The impact of a child's learning disability on the family system is explored using Feuerstein's concept of mediated learning experience. Four prototypical patterns of family response are identified, with descriptions of the mediational restrictions and potentialities embedded within them. (DB)

A survey of faculty in 98 college chemistry, civil engineering, microbiology, and sociology departments explored effects of faculty behaviors and attitudes on departmental rates of observed misconduct and espoused scientific research values. Results suggest misconduct is best predicted by department climate variables. Adherence to traditional…

Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine relationships between students' sense of community, poverty level, and student attitudes, motives, beliefs, and behavior among a diverse sample of 24 elementary schools. Within schools, the sense of community of individual students was significantly associated with student outcome measures. (SLD)

Patterns among children in foster care are described, such as having little contact with or information about their biological families, feeling that they have no control over their lives, and needing help in coping with separation and loss. Recommendations for supporting these at-risk and special needs children are discussed. (JDD)

The Infant Parent Social Interaction Code was developed to measure infant-parent interaction utilizing four parent variables, four infant variables, and one dyadic variable for which operational definitions were developed. Preliminary and validation studies with a total of 232 infants and toddlers suggest the measure reveals important interactive…

Tests the hypothesis that children in Korean American families who dropped from middle-class to working-class status after immigrating to the United States tend to perceive their mothers as less warm and accepting than do children in families retaining their middle-class status. Results with 44 families suggest the reverse. (SLD)

Provides evidence of detrimental effects of lead exposure on child behavior at levels typical of present-day exposure. Behavior and lead-blood level were examined for 201 African-American children aged 2 through 5 years. A standardized parent report measure and consideration of maternal morale are features of study methodology. (SLD)

Investigation of activity patterns of four residents of a Community Residential Unit in Victoria, Australia, found that personal/domestic activities engaged 35-47 percent of residents' time, followed by sedentary activities (18-25 percent). Social interaction and indoor recreation occupied less than 9 percent of time and outdoor and social…

According to a study of 40,192 college students, the average weekly alcohol consumption among black students is only one-third that of white students, and black collegians report binge drinking at rates less than half those of white students. Hypotheses are advanced for these differences. (SLD)

The monograph by D. Rogosa and G. Ghandour represents a body of cohesive and comprehensive research that can be the basis of a new measurement theory combining features of generalizability theory and strong true-score theory. Principles, approaches, arguments, and conclusions are reviewed; and critical comments are offered. (SLD)

Issues raised with the statistical models developed are discussed point by point, restating the emphasis on finite observation time, and reiterating the criticism of traditional psychometric methods. It is noted that the language and technical formulation of psychometrics can be extremely awkward in dealing with biased estimates. (SLD)

Research findings and theories regarding adolescent contraceptive use are reviewed to propose an alternative framework relying on social learning theory. Environmental context, cognitive influences, and behavior execution constraints are suggested as the foundation for contraceptive behaviors. The behavioral skills teenagers need to use birth…