Objective: Children born preterm are at an elevated risk of developmental challenges, often exhibiting a distinct "preterm behavioral phenotype" characterized by particular attention difficulties. This review focuses on examining the phenotypical attention profile in preterm children aged 5 to 11 years, considering both clinical and…

Objective: There is substantial evidence supporting the distinction between cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), particularly from the inattentive subtype. However, despite proposed etiological and phenomenological similarities, the relationship between CDS and dissociation remains…

This study explored how caregiver-reported executive functioning domains, assessed by the BRIEF2 at baseline, predicted behavioral challenges reported by caregivers using the CBCL six months later. The sample included 94 youth with Down syndrome, aged 6 to 18 years. Results of hierarchical regression analyses revealed that, after controlling for…

Background: Studies suggest that prosocial behavior, having high empathy and engaging in behaviors intended to benefit others, may predict mental health or vice versa; however, these findings have been mixed. The purpose of the current study was to examine the bidirectional relationships between prosocial behavior and dimensions of psychopathology…

The increasing prevalence of children's attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and internalizing behaviors requires investigation into putative risk factors. This longitudinal project of 105 preschoolers (54.3% girls; 90% White) examined influences of early life experiences (perinatal stressors, home environment, maternal personality) and…

Background: ADHD is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder. While much is known about the functional and academic impacts of ADHD, impacts on long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are less well-documented. Aims: To explore, in children aged 4 to 17 years, associations between clinical ADHD symptoms and (1) children's HRQoL; (2)…

Delay of gratification tasks have an impressive predictive value for various outcomes and are designed to measure self-regulation. Since many behavioural and psychological conditions in children are related to limitations in self-regulation, the extent to which delay tasks can be used as a screening for the detection of psychopathology is…

Objective: To examine the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD--Symptoms and Normal Behavior scale (SWAN) clinical utility as a diagnostic measure of ADHD in an ADHD clinic sample. Method: In a sample of 357 children (6-11 years old) referred for evaluation at an academic medical center, we explored the SWAN's diagnostic and convergent validity with…

Objective: This study examined the impact of family size and type on maternal rejection and its relationship with emotional-behavioral difficulties in children with ADHD compared to those typically developing. Method: The participants were mothers of 7- to 12-year-old children with ADHD (n = 102) and mothers of typically developing children (n =…

Early caregiving experiences influence the development of children's social behaviors. Caregiving hostility, characterized by anger and rejection toward the child, is associated with higher levels of aggression and lower levels of prosocial behavior. Symptoms of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may underlie the association between…

This study is a conceptual replication of a widely cited study by Moffitt et al. (2011) which found that attention and behavior problems in childhood (a composite of impulsive hyperactive, inattentive, and impulsive-aggressive behaviors labeled "self-control") predicted adult financial status, health, and criminal activity. Using data…

Parenting interventions have been shown to be successful in supporting parents to address children's challenging behaviour. This systematic literature review explores the effectiveness of Non-Violent Resistance (NVR), a specific parenting intervention which aims to help parents cope with children's violent and controlling behaviour. It is a…

Background: It is documented that children who stutter, as well as children with autism, may experience diminished well-being relative to children without these conditions. In contrast, almost nothing is documented about well-being of children living with both conditions, most likely because such children are relatively rare and thus challenging…

Problem behaviors have often been associated with poor learning in preschool children. However, most of these studies have mainly been situated in Western contexts. The current study, based on a single case study of a Malaysian preschool, explores the link between problem behaviors and early literacy skills of preschool children aged between 4 and…

Background: Fetal life and infancy might be critical periods for brain development leading to increased risks of neurocognitive disorders and psychopathology later in life. We examined the associations of fetal and infant weight growth patterns and birth characteristics with behavior and cognitive outcomes at the age of 13 years. Methods:…