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Direct linkHart, Shelley R.; Harrison, Molly J. – Communique, 2017
The Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism branch of the National Institute of Health (NIH) indicates that there is no known safe level of alcohol consumption during pregnancy (NIH, 2015). Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is the leading preventable cause of birth defects and neurodevelopmental abnormalities in the United States, which is not surprising given…
Descriptors: Alcohol Abuse, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Neurological Impairments, Prenatal Influences
Peer reviewedLemiere, Jurgen; Boets, Bart; Danckaerts, Marina – Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 2010
Aim: It has been suggested that high levels of prenatal testosterone exposure are implied in the aetiology of attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study examined the association between the ratio of the length of the second and fourth digits (2D:4D ratio), a marker of fetal testosterone exposure, and the presence of ADHD-related…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Children, Prenatal Influences, Etiology
Anderson, Vicki; Spencer-Smith, Megan; Leventer, Rick; Coleman, Lee; Anderson, Peter; Williams, Jackie; Greenham, Mardee; Jacobs, Rani – Brain, 2009
Until recently, the impact of early brain insult (EBI) has been considered to be less significant than for later brain injuries, consistent with the notion that the young brain is more flexible and able to reorganize in the context of brain insult. This study aimed to evaluate this notion by comparing cognitive and behavioural outcomes for…
Descriptors: Injuries, Pregnancy, Children, Brain
Ornoy, Asher; Daka, Lulu; Goldzweig, Gil; Gil, Yoni; Mjen, Ludmila; Levit, Shabtai; Shufman, Emi; Bar-Hamburger, Rachel; Greenbaum, Charles W. – Child Abuse & Neglect: The International Journal, 2010
Objectives: Prenatal exposure to heroin may have long-term consequences for development during early and middle childhood. The present research studied the cognitive, social, and emotional functioning of adolescents exposed to drugs prenatally, and investigated the extent to which the early adoption of children exposed prenatally to drugs would…
Descriptors: Check Lists, Intelligence, Behavior Problems, Socioeconomic Status
Yumoto, Chie; Jacobson, Sandra W.; Jacobson, Joseph L. – Child Development, 2008
Two models of vulnerability to socioenvironmental risk were examined in 337 African American children (M = 7.8 years) recruited to overrepresent prenatal alcohol or cocaine exposure: The cumulative risk model predicted synergistic effects from exposure to multiple risk factors, and the fetal patterning of disease model predicted that prenatal…
Descriptors: African American Children, At Risk Persons, Risk, Prenatal Influences
O'Connor, Mary J.; Paley, Blair – Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 2009
Since the identification of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) over 35 years ago, mounting evidence about the impact of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy has prompted increased attention to the link between prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and a constellation of developmental disabilities that are characterized by physical, cognitive, and…
Descriptors: Developmental Disabilities, Mental Health, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Drinking
Watson, Silvana M. R.; Westby, Carol E.; Gable, Robert A. – Preventing School Failure, 2007
In this article, the authors review learning and behavioral problems of children exposed prenatally to alcohol and other drugs, focusing on executive-function deficits such as difficulty shifting tasks, maintaining attention, and manipulating information in working memory. They discuss various risk factors associated with prenatal drug exposure so…
Descriptors: Narcotics, Risk, Memory, Prenatal Influences
Paley, Blair; O'Connor, Mary J. – Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 2009
Exposure to alcohol in utero is considered to be the leading cause of developmental disabilities of known etiology. The most severe consequence of such exposure, fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), is characterized by a distinct constellation of characteristic facial anomalies, growth retardation, and central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. Some…
Descriptors: Developmental Disabilities, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Etiology, Anatomy
Honig, Alice Sterling – Early Child Development and Care, 2009
Interpersonal, familial, and situational risk factors that predict young children's aggression and non-compliance are explored. Here examples of specific techniques and provided to help teachers and parents effectively support children's early development of cooperative and prosocial behaviours as well as problem-solving skills in family and…
Descriptors: Aggression, Young Children, Compliance (Psychology), At Risk Students
Cook-Cottone, Catherine – Psychology in the Schools, 2004
Pediatric exposure to polychlorinated biphynels (PCBs) is a national health concern with significant implications for school psychologists. According to the healthcare collaboration model, the school psychologist plays a key role in the provision of services to children affected by environmental teratogens. To effectively function as healthcare…
Descriptors: School Psychology, School Psychologists, Counselor Role, Child Health
Green, Jennifer H. – Journal of School Health, 2007
Background: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) affect a significant number of children in this country. This article addresses diagnostic issues related to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and other alcohol-related disabilities, discusses associated features and behaviors of FASD, and introduces interventions to support children with FASD in…
Descriptors: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Congenital Impairments, Clinical Diagnosis, Alcohol Abuse
Cicchetti, Domenic V.; Kaufman, Alan S.; Sparrow, Sara S. – Psychology in the Schools, 2004
Our purpose in this report is to evaluate scientifically that body of literature relating the effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) upon neurobehavioral, health-related, and cognitive deficits in neonates, developing infants, children, and adults. The data derive from seven cohorts: six cohorts of mothers…
Descriptors: Neonates, Validity, Psychomotor Skills, Prenatal Influences
