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Showing 1 to 15 of 23 results Save | Export
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Furniss, F.; Biswas, A. B. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2012
Background: Behavioural interventions conceptualise self-injurious behaviour (SIB) as developing from early repetitive behaviours through acquisition of homeostatic functions in regulating stimulation and subsequent shaping into SIB through socially mediated or automatic operant reinforcement. Despite high success rates, such interventions rarely…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Mental Retardation, Classical Conditioning, Phenomenology
DeLeon, Iser G.; Gregory, Meagan K.; Frank-Crawford, Michelle A.; Allman, Melissa J.; Wilke, Arthur E.; Carreau-Webster, Abbey B.; Triggs, Mandy M. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2011
This study examined how the amount of effort required to produce a reinforcer influenced subsequent preference for, and strength of, that reinforcer in 7 individuals with intellectual disabilities. Preference assessments identified four moderately preferred stimuli for each participant, and progressive-ratio (PR) analyses indexed reinforcer…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Mental Retardation, Reinforcement, Behavior Modification
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Nevin, John A. – Behavior Analyst, 2009
This article reviews evidence from basic and translational research with pigeons and humans suggesting that the persistence of operant behavior depends on the contingency between stimuli and reinforcers, and considers some implications for clinical interventions. (Contains 4 figures.)
Descriptors: Stimuli, Persistence, Reinforcement, Behavior Problems
Mace, F. Charles; McComas, Jennifer J.; Mauro, Benjamin C.; Progar, Patrick R.; Taylor, Bridget; Ervin, Ruth; Zangrillo, Amanda N. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2010
Basic research with pigeons on behavioral momentum suggests that differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) can increase the resistance of target behavior to change. This finding suggests that clinical applications of DRA may inadvertently increase the persistence of target behavior even as it decreases its frequency. We conducted…
Descriptors: Animals, Behavior Problems, Persistence, Reinforcement
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Doughty, Shannon S.; Anderson, Cynthia M.; Doughty, Adam H.; Williams, Dean C.; Saunders, Kathryn J. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2007
The purpose of this experiment was to establish discriminative control of responding by an antecedent stimulus using differential punishment because the results of past studies on this topic have been mixed. Three adults with mental retardation who exhibited stereotypy not maintained by social consequences (i.e., automatic reinforcement)…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Punishment, Adults, Mental Retardation
Freeman, Roger D. – 1978
The guide presents information for parents, advocates, residential counselors, or retarded persons on the use of drugs in behavior modification. Reasons for concern over the use of drugs are noted, and general principles regarding such factors as individual differences in metabolism and reaction, dosage level, and changes over time are discussed.…
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Drug Therapy, Guidelines
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Lemke, Haru; Mitchell, Robert D. – American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 1972
A twelve-year-old profoundly retarded, self-abusive and assaultive child who did not feed himself was motivated to feed himself and modify undesirable responses within eight days. (Authors)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Case Studies, Food
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Gresham, Frank M. – Journal of Special Education, 1979
Two punishment procedures were compared to determine their effectiveness in reducing rates of noncompliance in a class of 11 educable mentally retarded elementary school students. (Author/DLS)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Mental Retardation, Mild Mental Retardation
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Lalli, Joseph S.; Mauro, Benjamin C.; Mace, F. Charles – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2000
Three experiments involving four children (ages 3-7) with mental retardation found participants preferred unreliable reinforcements under certain conditions. Findings are discussed regarding the role of specific stimuli as conditioned reinforcers and how they influence preference for a response that produces reinforcement on a leaner schedule than…
Descriptors: Aggression, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Children
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Tate, B. G. – Behavior Therapy, 1972
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Case Studies, Exceptional Child Research
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Repp, Alan C.; And Others – Mental Retardation, 1976
Three experiments were conducted in a variety of settings to test the effectiveness of differential reinforcement of other behavior in reducing high rates of inappropriate behavior in 6 mildly and severely retarded children (8-14 years old). (Author/CL)
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Behavior Problems, Elementary Secondary Education, Exceptional Child Research
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Olofsson, Gunilla; Karan, Orv. C. – Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 1976
The present case study describes a toilet training program planned, developed, and implemented within a sheltered workshop. The client was a severely retarded woman for whom incontinence had been a life-long problem. The ease with which the program was carried out recommends its use with similar client problems. (Author)
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Case Studies, Change Strategies
Trybus, Raymond J.; Lacks, Patricia B. – Rehabilitation Literature, 1972
Descriptors: Adolescents, Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Community Programs
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Salzberg, Bernard; Napolitan, James – American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 1974
Descriptors: Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Children, Exceptional Child Research
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Carroll, Scott W.; And Others – Mental Retardation, 1978
Satiation, over-correction and differential reinforcement of other behavior resulted in the elimination of chronic clothes ripping by six institutionalized mentally retarded emotionally disturbed adolescents. (CL)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Behavior Change, Behavior Problems, Contingency Management
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