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Preliminary Comparison of Two Negative Reinforcement Schedules to Reduce Self-Injury.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Roberts, Maura L. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1995
This study compared the effectiveness of differential negative reinforcement of other behavior (DNRO) and alternative behavior (DNRA) for reducing self-injurious tantrums maintained by escape from demands in a 4-year-old girl with severe retardation. Both DNRO and DNRA reduced self-injury and increased independent task performance, with DNRA…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Negative Reinforcement, Self Injurious Behavior
Reemergence and Extinction of Self-Injurious Escape Behavior during Stimulus (Instructional) Fading.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Zarcone, Jennifer R.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1994
Functional analysis of the self-injurious behavior (SIB) of three individuals with profound mental retardation indicated the behavior was maintained by negative reinforcement (escape from instructional situations). Stimulus fading was applied. Results indicated that instructional fading virtually eliminated SIB, but these effects were not…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Contingency Management, Extinction (Psychology)
Identification and Modification of a Response-Class Hierarchy.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Lalli, Joseph S.; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1995
Effects of extinction and negative reinforcement on latency of responses (including aggression and self-injurious behavior) following activity requests to an adolescent girl with mental retardation and autism were evaluated. Results showed that latencies occurred in a predictable order. The response class was expanded to include an appropriate…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Aggression, Autism, Behavior Modification
Mediators' Emotional Responses to Self-Injurious Behavior: An Experimental Study.
Mossman, Dominique A.; Hastings, Richard P.; Brown, Tony – American Journal on Mental Retardation, 2002
Sixty mediators from British schools for children with mental retardation watched one of five matched videos depicting no self-injury, self-injury maintained by positive reinforcement, self-injury maintained by negative reinforcement, and self-injury unrelated to social events. Self-injury maintained by negative reinforcement was associated with…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Elementary Secondary Education, Emotional Response, Foreign Countries
Sleep Deprivation, Allergy Symptoms, and Negatively Reinforced Problem Behavior.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Kennedy, Craig H.; Meyer, Kim A. – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1996
A study of the relationship between presence or absence of sleep deprivation, allergy symptoms, and the rate and function of problem behavior in three adolescents with moderate to profound mental retardation found that problem behavior was negatively reinforced by escape from instruction, and both allergy symptoms and sleep deprivation influenced…
Descriptors: Adolescents, Allergy, Behavior Patterns, Behavior Problems
Multiple Functions of Problem Behaviors: Assessment and Intervention.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Day, H. Michael; And Others – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1994
Functional analyses of problem behaviors were performed with three individuals with severe intellectual disabilities. Results indicated that the problem behaviors were maintained either when the behavior resulted in escape from difficult tasks or when the behavior resulted in access to preferred items. Training in functionally equivalent…
Descriptors: Aggression, Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Communication Skills