This article describes three service-learning projects implemented in three different ESL programs in the United States. Each description includes typical course goals, service-learning assignments, reflection activities, student learning outcomes, and pedagogical challenges. The first project was developing digital literacy through…

Contends that aims and goals of many language courses lack the precision needed for effective teaching and evaluation and that there is a need to write precise statements of objectives in terms of pupils' learning rather than in terms of teachers' activities. Suggests how to write learning objectives. (SED)

This text describes a Swedish research program (GUME Project--the Swedish equivalent of the Gothenburg/Teaching/Methods/English Project) carried out during 1968-71 within the field of second-language instruction and learning. A number of comparative experiments were performed in order to assess the relative merits of two different approaches to…