In this paper, the author presents his arguments to Fox's premise that functional contextualism has an implications for designing instruction. Fox argues that functional contextualism is an alternative to constructivism because constructivism has not empirically demonstrated its effectiveness. However, the author finds this assertion troubling for…

As researchers continue to study creativity, a behavior analytic perspective may provide new vistas by offering an additional perspective. Contemporary behavior analysis began with B. F. Skinner and offers a selectionist approach to the scientific investigation of creativity. Behavior analysis contributes to the study of creativity by…

This investigation displays the findings of a 5 year longitudinal survey which uncovered a trend in data via a sample of 2600 pre-service education students. Each year 520 pre-service student teachers who were enrolled in a one-year full-time, after degree professional Bachelor of Education program in Ontario, Canada completed the survey.…

Nonbehavioral approaches to marital therapy have only recently become subject to empirical validation in contrast to extensively researched behavioral approaches. Behavioral marital therapy outcome research was examined as a reference point for evaluating the outcome studies of four nonbehavioral marital approaches: insight-oriented, cognitive,…

This paper attempts to synthesize how biological-nativist theories emerged as a response to logical and empirical flaws in behaviorist learning theories, and how in turn, recent research findings in Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience and Connectionist models of language acquisition are questioning the present innatist framework. As a result of…

The purpose of this article is to trace the antecedents, origins, and the evolution of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT). Topics include the nature of technology, the emergence of educational technology, early theoretical conceptions, visual education, the Department of Visual Instruction, communications and…

Compares children's literacy learning to a mouse playing basketball--namely, that children are doing what they have been trained to do, and do not understand the rules of the game. Discusses behaviorist theory in both examples, and contrasts behaviorist theory with constructivist theory. (PA)

Describes a study of college students that examined the instructional effectiveness of four text design strategies based on prescriptions derived from different perspectives: the Generic text approach, the Behaviorist-based approach, the Cognitivist-based approach, and the SOI (Structure of Intellect) Constructivist-based approach, on the…

The literature on organizational learning is dominated by behavioral learning and cognitive learning approaches. The former emphasizes qualitative methods and macro aspects, the latter quantitative methods and micro practices. A case study approach that embodies both qualitative and quantitative is useful for dealing with behavioral and cognitive…

This article examines the theoretical assumptions of one type of behaviorism, currently known as social-learning theory, developed by the Sophist Protagoras. Also included is a brief investigation of Socrates' criticism of this view of psychology and his argument that it is an unsatisfactory basis for moral and citizenship education. (IAH)

Student plagiarism is partly the result of a faulty behaviorist model of the research process and unwitting encouragement by teachers. Middle-school teachers can improve the situation by assigning meaningful research topics, building background knowledge, keeping topic selection open, providing easy source texts, suggesting data-organization tips,…

Craighead, Craighead, Kazdin, and Mahoney's (1994) text is considered as representative of strengths and weaknesses in behavior therapy. Although the field has great resources and impressive accomplishments, it has the weaknesses of disunified science. Exemplifies strengths and weaknesses together with possible means of remedying the latter. (JPS)

Provides an overview of the issues involved in providing listening instruction to those who work or are preparing to work in organizations. Poses questions regarding the nature of listening and listening instruction. Suggests a behavioral approach and examines its benefits and concerns. Appends three sample activities to facilitate listening…

This paper comments on the controversy surrounding the use of gentle teaching and applied behavior analysis. Strengths of gentle teaching are noted, such as its wide focus and emphasis on mutual change between client and caregiver. Behavioral interpretations are offered for behavior change reported in the use of gentle teaching procedures. (JDD)

Explains the two theories on the origins of human and animal behavior. Introduces the new discipline of sociobiology, a merging of biology and sociology. Describes the central dogma of sociobiology and its societal implications, and discusses criticism of sociobiology. Presents the nature vs. nurture debate. (YDS)