Background: Since the passage of "Brown v. Board of Education" in 1954, the demographic landscape of American schools has changed dramatically. By 2011, there were 12.4 million Latinos enrolled in prekindergarten to 12th-grade public schools, which constitutes 23.9% of the U.S. student population. A primary challenge that faces schools…

Is the U.S. Supreme Court inviting litigants to take aim at unraveling injunctions in institutional reform litigation--especially consent decrees in the schools? In "Horne v. Flores" (2009), the court remanded a 17-year-old school reform case to a federal judge with orders to look beyond consent decrees on financing, reducing class…

This publication consists of two articles: "Evaluation in Bilingual Education," by James Burry, and "Desegregation and the Rights of Hispanic Students: The Los Angeles Case," by M. Beatriz Arias. In his paper, Burry used three methods for identifying bilingual evaluation needs. First he reviews Federal/State requirements for…

The Praeger Handbook of American High Schools contains entries that explore the topic of secondary schools in the United States. Entries are arranged alphabetically and cover topics as varied as assessment to the history of the American high school, from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder to gay and straight student alliances, from the No…

Reviews the setting of the "Lau" decision, the decision itself, its legislative aftermath, its impact on desegregation, and the judicial clash of opinion as to the degree of judicial intervention necessary to assure the effective enforcement of these rights. Concludes that a more searching standard of review is necessary. Journal…

There have been four major court decisions affecting bilingual education: Lau v. Nichols, Serna v. Portales, Aspira v. the New York Board of Education and Keyes v. Denver School District No. 1. Lau v. Nichols was an action brought by non-English-speaking Chinese-origin students claiming to be denied an education because they could not comprehend…