Language assistants have become an important resource for teachers in bilingual schools in Spain, especially in the Madrid region. Most language assistants come from English-speaking countries, especially from the United States. In their role as language assistants, they are expected to bring and share their knowledge about the cultural aspects…

Annotations of 16 documents, derived from a search of doctoral dissertations and the ERIC system, discuss the skills and competencies needed by principals or other administrators of bilingual schools or programs. A brief introduction lists the seven categories of competencies identified by the documents, comprising change promotion, conflict…

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an early field experience program for undergraduate university students called classroom tutors in this project (CTs). Purpose: This study aims to measure the effects on CTs after their participation in Willing Workers in Classrooms (WWC). A second aim was to begin to develop a…

This paper notes the progress made in many countries towards the use of two or three languages in children's education. It is recommended that bilingual education focus on more than linguistic activities and include the study of the history and culture of all languages involved. This combination of bilingual and bicultural education aids in…

The increase in world interest in bilingual/bicultural education is a result of decline of colonialism and political imperialism; the rise of new national states, minorities, and internationalism; and the democratization of education. Formerly, bilingual education was the privilege of the elite; now it is the expression of a demand for recognition…

Bilingualism implies ability to use either of two languages without difficulty when necessary. Half a million Welshmen are in this position. Coordinate bilingualism, normally achieved through contact with two languages in early childhood, is perhaps the most desirable type of bilingualism. In compound bilingualism, one language continues to…

A description of the St. Martin Parish French/English bilingual project, one of five such programs in Louisiana, is presented. Now in its fifth year of operation, the St. Martin project serves the rural communities of Breaux Bridge and Parks, in classes from kindergarten through grade 5. Detailed here are the project's policies on staff…

Since Sweden will never again be a monolingual, monocultural country, new approaches to language instruction in the schools must be developed. Instruction in Swedish and in Swedish as a Foreign Language should be provided for all pupils for whom Swedish is truly a foreign language. Instructional programs should be designed to prevent the…

Linguacentrism, or Language-centeredness in the public schools, works to the disadvantage of all non-standard speakers, but especially Indian children. Compensatory education models direct attention away from the school system itself, and place blame on the assumed "deficits" of the non-standard speaker. An examination of Navajo children's…

This paper reports on a project conducted in the Spring of 1975 which included field interviews and observations in ten bilingual education programs in Connecticut and Massachusetts. The purpose of the study was to gather data which would facilitate the preparation of a framework and an instrument for evaluating community involvement in curriculum…

The concerns of a linguistic minority in Boston during the period when their school district was ordered to desegregate due to the existence of a dual school system are shared in this paper. Two factors characterize the Boston case: first, the plaintiffs are representatives of the black community concerned with the unfair treatment of black…

One of the overriding problems of any psychometric study is that aspects of behavior that are nonquantifiable or difficult to quantify are not considered. The other side of this coin is that those aspects of behavior that are easiest to quantify tend to be what are examined. In evaluating bilingual education programs, problems are found in the…

The political styles of various English-speaking groups are contrasted in their resistance to Quebec legislation which declares that French will be the priority language of instruction in the province. Individuals and ad hoc immigrant groups operate conflictively in a distributive arena; English Catholic laymen and school administrators function…

The English language achievement of 213 Spanish speaking students in grades K-3, who receive English as a Second Language (ESL) instruction in the context of a bilingual program, is compared to that of 104 similar students who receive ESL instruction within the traditional school program, in order to probe whether enrollment in a bilingual program…

Various issues involved in the bilingual-bicultural education of Filipino Americans are addressed in this paper. Specifically, its aim is to define the role of bilingual education for the Filipino immigrant student. Educational goals are considered first. In deliberate planning, goal setting precedes assessment of the situation. The discrepancy…